Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2024 Sep;27(9):e14520. doi: 10.1111/ele.14520.
For marine species with planktonic dispersal, invasion of open ocean coastlines is impaired by the physical adversity of ocean currents moving larvae downstream and offshore. The extent species are affected by physical adversity depends on interactions of the currents with larval life history traits such as planktonic duration, depth and seasonality. Ecologists have struggled to understand how these traits expose species to adverse ocean currents and affect their ability to persist when introduced to novel habitat. We use a high-resolution global ocean model to isolate the role of ocean currents on the persistence of a larval-producing species introduced to every open coastline of the world. We find physical adversity to invasion varies globally by several orders of magnitude. Larval duration is the most influential life history trait because increased duration prolongs species' exposure to ocean currents. Furthermore, variation of physical adversity with life history elucidates how trade-offs between dispersal traits vary globally.
对于具有浮游扩散能力的海洋物种来说，洋流将幼虫向下游和向海移动的物理逆境阻碍了它们入侵开阔的海岸线。物种受物理逆境影响的程度取决于洋流与幼虫生活史特征（如浮游期、深度和季节性）的相互作用。生态学家一直在努力理解这些特征如何使物种暴露在不利的海流中，并影响它们在引入新栖息地时的生存能力。我们使用高分辨率的全球海洋模型，来分离洋流对引入世界上每一个开阔海岸线的幼虫生产物种的生存的作用。我们发现，入侵的物理逆境在全球范围内有几个数量级的变化。幼虫期是最具影响力的生活史特征，因为延长幼虫期会延长物种暴露在海流中的时间。此外，物理逆境随生活史的变化阐明了扩散特征之间的权衡如何在全球范围内变化。
