Boucaud-Maitre Denis, Simo Nadine, Villeneuve Roxane, Rambhojan Christine, Thibault Nathalie, Joseph Sarah-Priscilla, Bonnet Michel, Dramé Moustapha, Vainqueur Larissa, Rinaldo Leila, Letchimy Laurys, Dartigues Jean-François, Cesari Matteo, Rolland Yves, Vellas Bruno, Amieva Hélène, Tabué-Teguo Maturin
Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France.
University of the French West Indies, EpiCliV Research Team, Fort-de-France, France.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 17;11:1428443. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1428443. eCollection 2024.
Nursing homes in the Caribbean are scarce and the characteristics of their residents have not been previously documented. This study aimed to describe the clinical profiles of residents living in nursing homes in Guadeloupe and Martinique (French West Indies).
This is a cross-sectional study of the baseline screening data from the KASEHPAD (Karukera Study of Ageing in nursing homes) study. Clinical characteristics and geriatric scale scores, including the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were collected and analysed.
A total of 332 older adults were recruited between September 2020 and November 2022. The mean age of the residents was 81.3 ± 10.1, with a male-female ratio of 1:1. Diabetes was reported in 28.3% of the residents, hypertension in 66.6% and heart disease in 18.4%. Dementia was diagnosed in 52.3% of the residents and 74.9% had a MMSE score ≤18. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease was 9.0%. Additionally, 18.4% were unable to perform any basic activities of daily living (ADL score of 0). The prevalence of physical impairment (SPPB < 8) was 90.0%. One-quarter of the residents were classified as undernourished (MNA-SF score ≤ 7).
Residents in Caribbean nursing homes are younger than in metropolitan France, whereas they present quite similar clinical profiles. Notably, a high prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases was observed. This study represents a preliminary effort to address the knowledge gap regarding the aging trajectories of older adults in the Caribbean and could guide the development of future nursing homes in these countries.
加勒比地区的养老院数量稀少，其居民特征此前尚无文献记载。本研究旨在描述瓜德罗普岛和马提尼克岛（法属西印度群岛）养老院居民的临床概况。
这是一项对KASEHPAD（养老院老年研究）研究的基线筛查数据进行的横断面研究。收集并分析了临床特征和老年量表评分，包括日常生活活动能力（ADL）、简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）、微型营养评定简表（MNA-SF）和简短体能状况量表（SPPB）。
2020年9月至2022年11月期间共招募了332名老年人。居民的平均年龄为81.3±10.1岁，男女比例为1:1。报告显示，28.3%的居民患有糖尿病，66.6%患有高血压，18.4%患有心脏病。52.3%的居民被诊断患有痴呆症，74.9%的居民MMSE评分≤18分。帕金森病的患病率为9.0%。此外，18.4%的居民无法进行任何基本日常生活活动（ADL评分为0）。身体功能障碍（SPPB＜8）的患病率为90.0%。四分之一的居民被归类为营养不良（MNA-SF评分≤7）。
加勒比地区养老院的居民比法国本土的居民年轻，但他们的临床概况颇为相似。值得注意的是，观察到糖尿病、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病的患病率很高。本研究是填补加勒比地区老年人衰老轨迹知识空白的初步努力，可为这些国家未来养老院的发展提供指导。
