Bede Jacqueline C, Blande James D
Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada; email:
Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Annu Rev Entomol. 2025 Jan;70(1):205-227. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-022024-015159. Epub 2024 Dec 19.
Atmospheric gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO) and ozone (O), influence plant-insect interactions, with variable effects. The few studies that have investigated the direct effects of elevated CO (eCO; 750-900 ppm) or elevated O (eO; 60-200 ppb) on insects have shown mixed results. Instead, most research has focused on the indirect effects through changes in the host plant. In general, the lower nitrogen levels in C3 brassicaceous plants grown at eCO negatively affect insects and may result in compensatory feeding. Phytohormones involved in plant resistance may be altered by eCO or eO. For example, stress-related jasmonate levels, which lead to induced resistance against chewing herbivores, are weakened at eCO. In general, eCO does not affect herbivore-induced plant volatiles, which remain attractive to natural enemies. However, floral volatiles and herbivore-induced plant volatiles may be degraded by O, affecting pollination and foraging natural enemy behavior. Thus, eCO and eO alter plant-insect interactions; however, many aspects remain poorly understood.
大气气体，如二氧化碳（CO）和臭氧（O），会对植物与昆虫之间的相互作用产生影响，且影响各异。少数研究调查了高浓度二氧化碳（eCO；750 - 900 ppm）或高浓度臭氧（eO；60 - 200 ppb）对昆虫的直接影响，结果不一。相反，大多数研究集中在通过寄主植物变化产生的间接影响上。一般来说，在高浓度二氧化碳环境下生长的C3十字花科植物中较低的氮含量对昆虫产生负面影响，并可能导致补偿性取食。参与植物抗性的植物激素可能会因高浓度二氧化碳或高浓度臭氧而改变。例如，与胁迫相关的茉莉酸水平会导致对咀嚼式食草动物的诱导抗性，在高浓度二氧化碳环境下会减弱。一般而言，高浓度二氧化碳不会影响草食动物诱导的植物挥发物，这些挥发物对天敌仍具有吸引力。然而，花香挥发物和草食动物诱导的植物挥发物可能会被臭氧降解，从而影响授粉和天敌的觅食行为。因此，高浓度二氧化碳和高浓度臭氧改变了植物与昆虫之间的相互作用；然而，许多方面仍知之甚少。
