变应原免疫治疗和生物制剂在过敏性疾病中的作用。
Role of allergen immunotherapy and biologics in allergic diseases.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Immunol. 2024 Dec;91:102494. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102494. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
The rise in the prevalence of allergic diseases has become a global health burden. Allergic diseases are a group of immune-mediated disorders characterized by IgE-mediated conditions resulting from a type 2 helper T cell (Th2)-skewed immune response. This review aims to comprehensively summarize recent research on the roles of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and biologics in allergic diseases. Specifically, we review the mechanisms of AIT and biologics in modulating innate and adaptive immunity involved in allergic disease pathogenesis, as well as their safety and efficacy in the treatment of allergic diseases. We also discuss current new AIT strategies such as recombinant allergen-based vaccines and allergen extract nanoencapsulation. Further research is needed to understand immune tolerance mechanisms beyond the Th2 pathway and to characterize immunological changes in responders and nonresponders to AIT or biologics. This additional research may uncover new targets for monitoring treatment responses and developing personalized treatment strategies for allergic diseases.
过敏疾病的流行率上升已成为全球健康负担。过敏疾病是一组免疫介导的疾病，其特征是 IgE 介导的疾病，源自 2 型辅助 T 细胞（Th2）倾斜的免疫反应。本综述旨在全面总结过敏原免疫疗法（AIT）和生物制剂在过敏疾病中的作用的最新研究。具体来说，我们综述了 AIT 和生物制剂在调节过敏疾病发病机制中涉及的先天和适应性免疫的机制，以及它们在治疗过敏疾病中的安全性和疗效。我们还讨论了目前新的 AIT 策略，如重组过敏原疫苗和过敏原提取物纳米封装。需要进一步研究以了解 Th2 途径之外的免疫耐受机制，并描述对 AIT 或生物制剂有反应者和无反应者的免疫学变化。这项额外的研究可能会发现新的靶点，用于监测治疗反应，并为过敏疾病制定个性化的治疗策略。
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