西班牙巴塞罗那快餐店中儿童使用智能手机情况：一项直接观察研究

Smartphone use by children in fast food restaurants in Barcelona (Spain): a direct observation study.

作者信息

de Paz-Cantos Sonia, González-Marrón Adrián, Lidón-Moyano Cristina, Cabriada Íñigo, Cerrato-Lara María, Gómez-Galán Rafael, Martínez-Sánchez José M

机构信息

Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de estudios del uso saludable de pantallas durante la Infancia (Kenko Lab), Spain; Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

出版信息

Gac Sanit. 2024;38:102421. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102421. Epub 2024 Oct 1.

DOI:10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102421

PMID:39357333

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To explore the use of smartphones at mealtimes by children in fast food restaurants in the city of Barcelona and to assess the variables associated with this use.

METHOD

A cross-sectional study was carried out. Data from 1616 children of estimated ages between 4 to 10 years were collected in fast-food restaurants in the ten districts of Barcelona between October 2021 and July 2022. The percentage of smartphone use, overall and according to covariates, were calculated. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, and crude and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance, were carried out to assess the association between use and covariates.

RESULTS

Direct observation revealed that in 28.1% of meals with children at fast food restaurants, children used smartphones. Smartphone use was significantly higher in older children if their caregivers were younger than 30 years and when there was no caregiver-child interaction. In the adjusted model, higher patterns of smartphone use were associated with older children (aPR [95% CI]: 1.36[1.20-1.55]) and younger parents (aPR [95% CI]: 1.38[1.09-1.73]).

CONCLUSIONS

Almost one in three meals with children at fast-food restaurants in Barcelona involves smartphone use. This finding underlines the importance of raising awareness of responsible screen use and promoting healthier environments for children at mealtimes.

摘要

目的

探讨巴塞罗那市快餐店中儿童在就餐时使用智能手机的情况，并评估与此使用相关的变量。

方法

开展了一项横断面研究。2021年10月至2022年7月期间，在巴塞罗那十个区的快餐店收集了1616名估计年龄在4至10岁之间儿童的数据。计算了总体以及根据协变量的智能手机使用百分比。进行了卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验，以及带有稳健方差的粗泊松回归模型和调整泊松回归模型，以评估使用与协变量之间的关联。

结果

直接观察发现，在快餐店与儿童一起就餐的情况中，有28.1%的儿童使用智能手机。如果儿童的照料者年龄小于30岁且不存在照料者与儿童的互动，年龄较大的儿童智能手机使用显著更高。在调整模型中，较高的智能手机使用模式与年龄较大的儿童（aPR [95% CI]：1.36[1.20 - 1.55]）和较年轻的父母（aPR [95% CI]：1.38[1.09 - 1.73]）相关。