DeBruyn Jennifer M, Keenan Sarah W, Taylor Lois S
Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2025 Feb;33(2):194-207. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.09.003. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Decomposer microbial communities are gatekeepers in the redistribution of carbon and nutrients from dead animals (carrion) to terrestrial ecosystems. The flush of decomposition products from a carcass creates a hot spot of microbial activity in the soil below, and the animal's microbiome is released into the environment, mixing with soil communities. Changes in soil physicochemistry, especially reduced oxygen, temporarily constrain microbial nutrient cycling, and influence the timing of these processes and the fate of carrion resources. Carcass-related factors, such as mass, tissue composition, or even microbiome composition may also influence the functional assembly and succession of decomposer communities. Understanding these local scale microbially mediated processes is important for predicting consequences of carrion decomposition beyond the hot spot and hot moment.
分解者微生物群落是碳和养分从死亡动物（腐肉）重新分配到陆地生态系统的守门人。尸体分解产物的涌入在下方土壤中形成了一个微生物活动热点，动物的微生物群落被释放到环境中，与土壤群落混合。土壤物理化学性质的变化，尤其是氧气减少，会暂时限制微生物养分循环，并影响这些过程的时间以及腐肉资源的命运。与尸体相关的因素，如质量、组织组成，甚至微生物群落组成，也可能影响分解者群落的功能组装和演替。了解这些局部尺度上微生物介导的过程对于预测腐肉分解在热点和热时刻之外的后果非常重要。
