Reza Heidarzadeh Hamid, Derakhshan Akbar, Hossein Ghavami Shahri Seyed, Reza Ansari Astaneh Mohammad, Bakhtiari Elham, Shokouhi Rad Saeed, Abrishami Mojtaba
Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2024 Sep 16;19(3):306-312. doi: 10.18502/jovr.v19i3.13536. eCollection 2024 Jul-Sep.
To evaluate the effect of cataract surgery and visual impairment and the associated risk factors on the frequency of falls among older adults in northeast Iran.
This cross-sectional study, conducted between 2019 and 2020, analyzed the potential risk factors of falling in older adults over 50 years of age. To this end, 380 patients were randomly selected by convenience sampling and classified into two groups: those who had undergone cataract surgery in the last 12 months (surgery group) and those who had not (cataract group). The data were collected from the medical records and face-to-face interviews, and logistic regression was used to identify potential risk factors for falling.
The frequency of falls in the cataract and surgery groups was 18.9% and 11.6%, respectively. The mean decimal visual acuity of the dominant eye was significantly lower in the cataract group than in the surgery group ( 0.001). There were no significant differences in the mean number of medications used, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living score, and 10-Meter Walk Test speed between the two groups. According to the results of backward logistic regression, taking more than four medications per day and slow gait speed were the most important factors influencing the frequency of falls in older adults.
Logistic regression analysis indicated that undergoing cataract surgery is not a significant protective factor against falls. However, older adults in the surgery group experienced fewer falls than in the other group. Besides, the results suggest that taking more than four medications daily and having a slow gait speed are significant fall risk factors.
评估白内障手术及视力损害及其相关危险因素对伊朗东北部老年人跌倒频率的影响。
这项横断面研究于2019年至2020年进行，分析了50岁以上老年人跌倒的潜在危险因素。为此，通过便利抽样随机选取380例患者，分为两组：过去12个月内接受过白内障手术的患者（手术组）和未接受过白内障手术的患者（白内障组）。数据从医疗记录和面对面访谈中收集，并采用逻辑回归分析来确定跌倒的潜在危险因素。
白内障组和手术组的跌倒频率分别为18.9%和11.6%。白内障组优势眼的平均小数视力显著低于手术组（P<0.001）。两组在平均用药数量、Charlson合并症指数评分、日常生活活动能力评分和10米步行测试速度方面无显著差异。根据向后逻辑回归结果，每天服用超过四种药物和步态速度缓慢是影响老年人跌倒频率的最重要因素。
逻辑回归分析表明，接受白内障手术并非预防跌倒的显著保护因素。然而，手术组的老年人跌倒次数少于另一组。此外，结果表明，每天服用超过四种药物和步态速度缓慢是显著的跌倒危险因素。
