Benítez Martínez Marta, Baeza Moyano David, González-Lezcano Roberto Alonso
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Montepríncipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28668 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Arquitecture and Design Department, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Campus Montpríncipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28668 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Nov 22;9(11):1603. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111603.
A cataract is defined as opacity of the crystalline lens. It is currently one of the most prevalent ocular pathologies and is generally associated with aging. The most common treatment for cataracts is surgery. Cataract surgery is a quick and painless process, is very effective, and has few risks. The operation consists of removing the opacified lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens. The most common intraocular lens removal procedure that is currently used is phacoemulsification. The energy applied in this process is generated by ultrasonic waves, which are mechanical waves with a frequency higher than 20 kHz. A great deal of research on the different ways to perform the stages of this surgical procedure and the analysis of the possible side effects of the operation has been published, but there is little information on the technical characteristics, the intensities applied, and the use of ultrasound-emitting (U/S) equipment for cataract removal. More studies on the method and depth of absorption of ultrasonic waves in our visual system when performing the phacoemulsification procedure are needed. It would be advisable for health authorities and medical professionals to develop guidelines for the handling and use of ultrasonic wave-emitting equipment, such as those that exist for ultrasound and physiotherapy. This could help us to reduce undesirable effects after the operation.
白内障被定义为晶状体混浊。它是目前最常见的眼部疾病之一，通常与衰老有关。白内障最常见的治疗方法是手术。白内障手术是一个快速且无痛的过程，非常有效，风险也很小。手术包括摘除混浊的晶状体并用人工晶状体替换。目前最常用的人工晶状体摘除手术是超声乳化术。此过程中应用的能量由超声波产生，超声波是频率高于20 kHz的机械波。关于执行该手术各阶段的不同方法以及对手术可能的副作用的分析，已经发表了大量研究，但关于技术特性、应用强度以及用于白内障摘除的超声发射（U/S）设备的使用的信息却很少。需要更多关于在进行超声乳化手术时超声波在我们视觉系统中的吸收方法和深度的研究。卫生当局和医学专业人员最好制定关于超声发射设备的操作和使用指南，就像现有的关于超声和物理治疗的指南一样。这有助于我们减少手术后的不良影响。
