Adhikari Pratik
B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Aug 30;86(10):5995-5998. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002520. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This narrative review aims to examine the etiology and epidemiology of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Eastern Nepal. A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant studies published in English, focusing on combinations of keywords such as "acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease," "AECOPD," "Nepal," "etiology," "epidemiology," "environmental exposure," "comorbidities," and "socioeconomic factors." Synthesizing findings from recent studies, it highlights the multifactorial nature of AECOPD, including the roles of respiratory infections, environmental exposures, and comorbidities. Key findings indicate that respiratory infections (both viral and bacterial) and non-infectious factors such as air pollution and biomass fuel combustion significantly contribute to AECOPD. Socio-economic factors, particularly among women using traditional biomass fuels and engaged in smoking, also play a critical role. The review emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and preventive strategies to manage AECOPD effectively in this region. Conclusions suggest that understanding local patterns of AECOPD etiology is crucial for developing region-specific interventions to reduce exposure to risk factors and manage comorbidities, thereby improving clinical outcomes and reducing healthcare utilization.
本叙述性综述旨在研究尼泊尔东部慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重（AECOPD）的病因及流行病学情况。我们进行了系统检索，以确定用英文发表的相关研究，重点关注 “慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重”、“AECOPD”、“尼泊尔”、“病因”、“流行病学”、“环境暴露”、“合并症” 以及 “社会经济因素” 等关键词的组合。综合近期研究结果，该综述强调了AECOPD的多因素性质，包括呼吸道感染、环境暴露和合并症的作用。主要研究结果表明，呼吸道感染（病毒和细菌感染）以及空气污染和生物质燃料燃烧等非感染性因素是AECOPD的重要成因。社会经济因素，特别是在使用传统生物质燃料且吸烟的女性中，也起着关键作用。该综述强调了在该地区有效管理AECOPD需要有针对性的干预措施和预防策略。结论表明，了解AECOPD病因的当地模式对于制定针对该地区的干预措施至关重要，这些措施旨在减少暴露于危险因素并管理合并症，从而改善临床结果并减少医疗保健的使用。
