STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CIRCLE AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY IN ZABRZE, SILESIAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN KATOWICE, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN ZABRZE, ZABRZE, POLAND.
SPECIALIST HOSPITAL STEFAN ZEROMSKI, CRACOW, POLAND.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2024;52(4):466-471. doi: 10.36740/Merkur202404114.
The use of dentistry in forensic medicine has gradually become an indispensable tool in the process of identifying human remains. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the importance of this field in the identification of victims in mass disasters, criminal investigations, ethnic research, and the identification of decomposed and distorted bodies, such as drowning, fire and car accident victims. Dental examinations allow for precise determination of individual identities based on unique dental features. Various methods applied in forensic medicine in the realm of dentistry include dental impressions, radiographs, photographic examinations, rugoscopy, cheiloscopy, and molecular methods. Advanced dental analysis techniques make it possible to restore identities even in the most challenging cases. Equally important is the integration of knowledge and methods of forensic dentistry with other forensic disciplines such as molecular genetics and anthropology. Further research and development in this branch of science are crucial for improving investigative processes and ensuring the dignity of mass disaster victims. The aim of this work is to present methods using teeth for the identification of human remains along with the latest advancements in forensic DNA technology, which utilizes dental evidence to aid in the identification of human remains.
法医学中牙科的应用已逐渐成为鉴定人遗骸过程中不可或缺的工具。近年来，该领域在重大灾难、犯罪调查、民族研究以及对溺死、火灾和车祸等变形和腐烂尸体的识别中变得越来越重要。牙齿检查可根据独特的牙齿特征精确确定个人身份。法医学领域中应用于牙科的各种方法包括牙印模、射线照相、摄影检查、牙纹检查、唇纹检查和分子方法。先进的牙科分析技术使得即使在最具挑战性的情况下也能够恢复身份。同样重要的是将法医学牙科的知识和方法与分子遗传学和人类学等其他法医学学科相结合。该科学分支的进一步研究和发展对于改进调查过程和确保大规模灾难受害者的尊严至关重要。本工作旨在介绍利用牙齿进行遗骸识别的方法，以及利用牙科证据辅助遗骸识别的最新法医 DNA 技术进展。
