Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024 Nov 1;79(11). doi: 10.1093/gerona/glae242.
Muscle strength, as measured by handgrip strength (HGS), is associated with physical function and mortality. Yet the environmental context that influences muscle strength is poorly understood. We evaluated built and social neighborhood characteristics and their association with muscle strength over time.
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2018), linear mixed models assessed how 11 built and social neighborhood variables were associated with baseline levels and changes in HGS over time.
Among the 20 045 respondents (mean age = 63 years, standard deviation = 9.7) with up to 4 HGS measures, 8 455 were men and 11 590 were women. Among men, residing in a neighborhood with a 10% increment higher score on neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a ~1 kg lower HGS at baseline (B = -0.96 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.39 to -0.53). Similarly, each 1-point increment on the physical disorder scale was associated with a -0.39 kg lower (95% CI = -0.65 to -0.12) baseline HGS value. Among women, each 10% increment in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a 0.29 kg lower HGS at baseline (B = -0.29 kg for each 10% increment, 95% CI = -0.46, -0.13). Each 1-unit increment in the number of neighborhood gyms at baseline was associated with a 0.50 kg lower HGS (B = -0.50, 95% CI = -0.76 to -0.23). Each 1-point increment in physical disorder was associated with a -0.12 kg lower (95% CI = -0.24 to -0.00) baseline HGS value. None of the neighborhood features were associated with the HGS rate of change.
Findings suggest that residing in neighborhoods with greater disadvantages and physical disorders may pose challenges for HGS among middle-aged adults as they enter into older adulthood.
手部握力（HGS）作为肌肉力量的衡量标准，与身体机能和死亡率有关。然而，影响肌肉力量的环境背景仍知之甚少。我们评估了建筑和社会邻里特征及其随时间与肌肉力量的关联。
使用来自健康与退休研究（2006-2018 年）的数据，线性混合模型评估了 11 个建筑和社会邻里变量与基线水平以及随时间推移 HGS 变化的关系。
在 20045 名有最多 4 次 HGS 测量结果的受访者（平均年龄 63 岁，标准差 9.7）中，8455 名男性和 11590 名女性。对于男性，居住在邻里劣势评分增加 10%的地方，其 HGS 基线水平可能降低约 1 公斤（B=-0.96 公斤，95%置信区间 [CI] =-1.39 至-0.53）。同样，身体障碍量表每增加 1 分，HGS 基线水平可能降低 0.39 公斤（95% CI=-0.65 至-0.12）。对于女性，邻里劣势每增加 10%，HGS 基线水平可能降低 0.29 公斤（B=-0.29 公斤，每 10%递增，95% CI=-0.46，-0.13）。在基线时，邻里健身房数量每增加 10%，HGS 可能降低 0.50 公斤（B=-0.50 公斤，95% CI=-0.76 至-0.23）。身体障碍每增加 1 分，HGS 基线水平可能降低 0.12 公斤（95% CI=-0.24 至-0.00）。没有任何邻里特征与 HGS 变化率相关。
研究结果表明，在进入老年期时，居住在劣势更大和身体障碍更多的社区可能对中年成年人的 HGS 构成挑战。
