Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, SP, 15385-000, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(49):59592-59609. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35192-8. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
Fungal biomass is as a cost-effective and sustainable biosorbent utilized in both active and inactive forms. This study investigated the efficacy of inactivated and dried biomass of Fusarium sp. in adsorbing Ni and Pb from aqueous solutions. The strain underwent sequential cultivation and was recovered by filtration. Then, the biomass was dried in an oven at 80 ± 2 °C and sieved using a 0.1-cm mesh. The biosorbent was thoroughly characterized, including BET surface area analysis, morphology examination (SEM), chemical composition (XRF and FT-IR), thermal behavior (TGA), and surface charge determination (pH-PZC and zeta potential). The biosorption mechanism was elucidated by fitting equilibrium models of kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic to the data. The biosorbent exhibited a neutral charge, a rough surface, a relatively modest surface area, appropriate functional groups for adsorption, and thermal stability above 200 °C. Optimal biosorption was achieved at 25 ± 2 °C, using 0.05 g of adsorbent per 50 mL of metallic ion solution at initial concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mg L and at pH 4.5 for Pb and Ni. Biosorption equilibrium was achieved after 240 min for Ni and 1440 min for Pb. The process was spontaneous, mainly through chemisorption, in monolayer for Ni and multilayer for Pb, with efficiencies of over 85% for both metallic ion removal. These findings underscore the potential of inactive and dry Fusarium sp. biomass (IDFB) as a promising material for the biosorption of Ni and Pb.
真菌生物量是一种具有成本效益和可持续性的生物吸附剂，可分别以活性和非活性形式使用。本研究调查了死灭和干燥的镰刀菌生物量从水溶液中吸附 Ni 和 Pb 的效果。该菌株经过连续培养并用过滤回收。然后，将生物质在 80±2°C 的烘箱中干燥并使用 0.1 厘米的筛子进行筛分。对生物吸附剂进行了全面的特性描述，包括 BET 表面积分析、形态检查（SEM）、化学成分（XRF 和 FT-IR）、热行为（TGA）和表面电荷测定（pH-PZC 和 ζ 电位）。通过将动力学、等温线和热力学平衡模型拟合到数据中，阐明了生物吸附机制。生物吸附剂带中性电荷，表面粗糙，表面积相对适中，具有适合吸附的官能团，热稳定性高于 200°C。在 25±2°C 下，使用 0.05g 吸附剂吸附 50mL 初始浓度为 0.5-2.0mg/L 的金属离子溶液，pH 值为 4.5 时，对 Pb 和 Ni 的吸附效果最佳。Ni 的吸附平衡在 240 分钟后达到，Pb 的吸附平衡在 1440 分钟后达到。该过程是自发的，主要通过化学吸附，对 Ni 是单层吸附，对 Pb 是多层吸附，对两种金属离子的去除效率均超过 85%。这些发现突出了死灭和干燥镰刀菌生物量（IDFB）作为 Ni 和 Pb 生物吸附的有前途材料的潜力。
