Benzekri Adam, Morris-Perez Pamela
Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2024 Oct 4:1-18. doi: 10.1017/S0954579424001160.
Rising rates of suicide fatality, attempts, and ideations among adolescents aged 10-19 over the past two decades represent a national public health priority. Theories that seek to understand suicidal ideation overwhelmingly focus on the transition from ideation to attempt and on a sole cognition: active suicidal ideation - the serious consideration of killing one's self, with less attention to non-suicidal cognitions that emerge during adolescence that may have implications for suicidal behavior. A large body of research exists that characterizes adolescence not only as a period of heightened onset and prevalence of active suicidal ideation and the desire to no longer be alive (i.e., passive suicidal ideation), but also for non-suicidal cognitions about life and death. Our review synthesizes extant literature in the content, timing and mental imagery of thoughts adolescents have about their (1) life; and (2) mortality that may co-occur with active and passive suicidal ideation that have received limited attention in adolescent suicidology. Our "cognition-to-action framework for adolescent suicide prevention" builds on existing ideation-to-action theories to identify life and non-suicidal mortality cognitions during adolescence that represent potential leverage points for the prevention of attempted suicide and premature death during this period and across the life span.
在过去二十年里，10至19岁青少年的自杀死亡率、自杀未遂率和自杀意念发生率不断上升，这已成为一项国家公共卫生重点事项。旨在理解自杀意念的理论绝大多数都聚焦于从意念到行为的转变以及单一的认知：主动自杀意念——认真考虑自杀，而较少关注青春期出现的可能对自杀行为有影响的非自杀性认知。大量研究表明，青春期不仅是主动自杀意念高发和普遍存在以及产生不再存活的愿望（即被动自杀意念）的时期，也是对生死产生非自杀性认知的时期。我们的综述综合了现有文献，内容涉及青少年对其（1）生活；以及（2）可能与主动和被动自杀意念同时出现的死亡的思考的内容、时机和心理意象，而这些在青少年自杀学中受到的关注有限。我们的“青少年自杀预防认知到行动框架”以现有的意念到行动理论为基础，来确定青春期的生活和非自杀性死亡认知，这些认知是预防这一时期及整个生命周期自杀未遂和过早死亡的潜在着力点。
