Upreti Bharat Bhushan, Kamboj Navpreet, Dey Ramendra Sundar
Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
Small. 2025 Feb;21(7):e2408138. doi: 10.1002/smll.202408138. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
The promising features of aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs), including their inherent safety, environmental friendliness, abundant raw materials, cost-effectiveness, and simple manufacturing process, position them as strong candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, their practical application faces significant challenges, such as uncontrolled dendritic growth, undesirable side reactions, and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), which undermine the efficiency and longevity of the system. To address these issues, extensive research has been conducted to improve these batteries' energy density and lifespan. This comprehensive review explores the fundamental mechanisms of zinc dendrite formation, its properties, and the interfacial chemistry between the electrode and electrolyte. It also delves into strategies for protecting the zinc anode, with a focus on the modulation of zinc ion deposition dynamics at the electrolyte interface. The discussion concludes with an evaluation of the current challenges and future prospects of AZIB, aiming to enhance their viability for grid-scale energy storage solutions.
水系锌离子电池（AZIBs）具有诸多令人瞩目的特性，包括本质安全性、环境友好性、原材料丰富、成本效益高以及制造工艺简单等，这些特性使其成为大规模储能的有力候选者。然而，其实际应用面临重大挑战，如不受控制的枝晶生长、不良副反应和析氢反应（HER），这些都会损害系统的效率和寿命。为解决这些问题，人们开展了广泛研究以提高这些电池的能量密度和使用寿命。这篇综述探讨了锌枝晶形成的基本机制、其性质以及电极与电解质之间的界面化学。它还深入研究了保护锌负极的策略，重点是调节电解质界面处锌离子的沉积动力学。讨论最后评估了水系锌离子电池当前面临的挑战和未来前景，旨在提高其在电网规模储能解决方案中的可行性。
