Song Yufei, Yi Yongning, Ran Ran, Zhou Wei, Wang Wei
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, P. R. China.
Small. 2024 Dec;20(49):e2406627. doi: 10.1002/smll.202406627. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered as advanced energy conversion technologies due to the high efficiency, fuel flexibility, and all-solid structure. Nevertheless, their widespread applications are strongly hindered by the high operational temperatures, limited material selection choices, inferior long-term stability, and relatively high costs. Therefore, reducing operational temperatures of SOFCs to intermediate-temperature (IT, 500-800 °C) range can remarkably promote the practical applications by enabling the use of low-cost materials and enhancing the cell stability. Nevertheless, the conventional cathodes for high-temperature SOFCs display inferior electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at reduced temperatures. Barium cobaltite (BaCoO)-based perovskite oxides are regarded as promising cathodes for IT-SOFCs because of the high free lattice volume and large oxygen vacancy content. However, BaCoO-based perovskite oxides suffer from poor structural stability, inferior thermal compatibility, and insufficient ionic conductivity. Herein, an in-time review about the recent advances in BaCoO-based cathodes for IT-SOFCs is presented by emphasizing the material design strategies including functional/selectively doping, deficiency control, and (nano)composite construction to enhance the ORR activity/durability and thermal compatibility. Finally, the currently existed challenges and future research trends are presented. This review will provide valuable insights for the development of BaCoO-based electrocatalysts for various energy conversion/storage technologies.
固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）因其高效率、燃料适应性强和全固态结构而被视为先进的能量转换技术。然而，其广泛应用受到高运行温度、材料选择有限、长期稳定性差以及成本相对较高的严重阻碍。因此，将SOFCs的运行温度降低到中温（IT，500 - 800°C）范围，可以通过使用低成本材料和提高电池稳定性来显著促进其实际应用。然而，传统的高温SOFCs阴极在降低温度下对氧还原反应（ORR）表现出较差的电催化活性。基于钴酸钡（BaCoO）的钙钛矿氧化物由于具有高自由晶格体积和大氧空位含量，被认为是IT - SOFCs有前景的阴极材料。然而，基于BaCoO的钙钛矿氧化物存在结构稳定性差、热兼容性差和离子电导率不足的问题。在此，通过强调包括功能/选择性掺杂、缺陷控制和（纳米）复合结构等材料设计策略，对基于BaCoO的IT - SOFCs阴极的最新进展进行了及时综述，以提高ORR活性/耐久性和热兼容性。最后，介绍了目前存在的挑战和未来的研究趋势。本综述将为开发用于各种能量转换/存储技术的基于BaCoO的电催化剂提供有价值的见解。
