Department of Bio-Chemistry & Bio-technology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2024 Sep;42(7):e4130. doi: 10.1002/cbf.4130.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy primarily affecting squamous cells. Its development is linked to multiple risk factors, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen extracted from red clover, has been extensively researched for its therapeutic properties. It spans antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, and anticancer potential in different bodily systems. However, its impact on oral cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the potential anticancer effects of BCA, specifically on KB oral cancer cells. This study utilized KB cells to evaluate the impact of BCA on various cellular parameters, including cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell migration. BCA treatment induced several notable effects on KB cells, including reduced cell viability, altered morphology suggestive of apoptosis, heightened oxidative stress, and alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, BCA treatment demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell migration. The study further investigated the impact of BCA on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation, revealing decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation across different BCA concentrations (IC and IC). Immunocytochemistry and qRT-PCR analyses unveiled that BCA treatment at varying doses (IC and IC) downregulated the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits p50 and p65, pivotal players in cancer progression. In summary, this study sheds light on the promising potential of BCA as an anticancer therapeutic agent for treating oral cancer. Its demonstrated ability to induce apoptosis, perturb cellular functions, and modulate gene expression within cancer cells underscores its significance. Nonetheless, further research, particularly following animal studies, is imperative to comprehensively grasp the breadth of BCA's effects and its viability for clinical applications.
鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是一种主要影响鳞状细胞的恶性肿瘤。其发展与多种风险因素有关，如饮酒和吸烟、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）感染。大豆素 A（BCA）是从红三叶草中提取的一种植物雌激素，因其治疗特性而被广泛研究。它跨越了抗氧化活性、抗炎作用、神经保护、心脏保护和不同身体系统的抗癌潜力。然而，它对口腔癌的影响仍未得到探索。因此，本研究旨在评估 BCA 的潜在抗癌作用，特别是对 KB 口腔癌细胞的作用。本研究利用 KB 细胞评估了 BCA 对各种细胞参数的影响，包括细胞活力、细胞凋亡、细胞内 ROS 产生、线粒体膜电位和细胞迁移。BCA 处理对 KB 细胞产生了多种显著影响，包括降低细胞活力、细胞形态改变提示细胞凋亡、氧化应激加剧和线粒体膜电位改变。此外，BCA 处理对细胞迁移具有抑制作用。研究进一步探讨了 BCA 对抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响，揭示了不同 BCA 浓度（IC 和 IC）下抗氧化酶活性降低和脂质过氧化增加。免疫细胞化学和 qRT-PCR 分析表明，BCA 以不同剂量（IC 和 IC）处理可下调核因子-κB（NF-κB）亚单位 p50 和 p65 的表达，这些亚单位是癌症进展的关键因素。总之，本研究揭示了 BCA 作为治疗口腔癌的抗癌治疗剂的有前途的潜力。它在诱导细胞凋亡、扰乱细胞功能和调节癌细胞内基因表达方面的能力突显了其重要性。然而，需要进一步的研究，特别是在动物研究之后，才能全面了解 BCA 的作用范围及其在临床应用中的可行性。
