Bahria University Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2024 Jun 30;66(3):340-349. doi: 10.3897/folmed.66.e111128.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).
慢性肾脏病(CKD)是心血管疾病(CVD)发展的主要危险因素,也是接受维持性血液透析(MHD)的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者发病率和死亡率的主要原因。