National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Office of the Clinical Director, Building 10 - CRC, Room 1-5340, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Office of the Clinical Director, Building 10 - CRC, Room 1-5340, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2024 Sep 21;59(6). doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agae068.
Stressful life events are associated with problematic drinking, and alcohol misuse has been exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While coping motives may account for this association, positive life events (PLEs) and enhancement motives are understudied. To address these gaps, we examined the associations of history of alcohol use disorder (AUD), negative life events (NLEs), and PLEs with problematic alcohol use and tested coping and enhancement motives as mediators.
The sample included baseline and follow-up data from 241 participants enrolled in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol Study. Endorsements of past year PLEs and NLEs and their associations with problematic alcohol use were examined. Among the 202 current drinkers, path analyses tested mediational pathways via coping and enhancement motives.
The top two PLEs were change in work conditions (21.6%) and taking a vacation (20.3%). The top two NLEs were change in social activities (36.5%) and major change in recreation (26.6%). Individuals with a history of AUD and those who experienced more NLEs reported higher coping and enhancement motives, which were associated with higher problematic alcohol use. Individuals who experienced more PLEs reported lower coping motives, which was associated with lower problematic alcohol use.
Besides coping motives, enhancement motives were also associated with pandemic problematic alcohol use. Alcohol interventions targeting reward- and relief-driven drinking patterns may be beneficial to individuals with a history of AUD and those who experienced more NLEs. More research is needed to study PLEs which may help inform the development of strength-based alcohol interventions.
有压力的生活事件与问题性饮酒有关，而在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，酒精滥用问题更加严重。虽然应对动机可以解释这种关联，但积极的生活事件（PLEs）和增强动机的研究还很不足。为了解决这些差距，我们研究了酒精使用障碍（AUD）病史、消极生活事件（NLEs）和 PLEs 与问题性饮酒的关联，并检验了应对和增强动机的中介作用。
该样本包括参加国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所 COVID-19 大流行对酒精影响研究的 241 名参与者的基线和随访数据。检查了过去一年 PLEs 和 NLEs 的发生率及其与问题性饮酒的关联。在 202 名当前饮酒者中，路径分析测试了通过应对和增强动机的中介途径。
排名前两位的 PLEs 是工作条件的变化（21.6%）和休假（20.3%）。排名前两位的 NLEs 是社交活动的变化（36.5%）和娱乐活动的重大变化（26.6%）。有 AUD 病史的个体和经历更多 NLEs 的个体报告了更高的应对和增强动机，这与更高的问题性饮酒有关。经历更多 PLEs 的个体报告了较低的应对动机，这与较低的问题性饮酒有关。
除了应对动机外，增强动机也与大流行期间的问题性饮酒有关。针对奖励和缓解驱动的饮酒模式的酒精干预措施可能对有 AUD 病史的个体和经历更多 NLEs 的个体有益。需要更多的研究来研究 PLEs，这可能有助于为基于优势的酒精干预措施的发展提供信息。
