Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), Cagliari, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Echocardiography. 2024 Oct;41(10):e15949. doi: 10.1111/echo.15949.
Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is a temporary form of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction characterized by a distinct pattern of LV impairment, often triggered by a physical or emotional stressful event. Historically, TS was considered a benign condition due to its prompt restoration of myocardial function and generally excellent outcomes. However, recent studies have shown that complications similar to those seen after myocardial infarction can occur, necessitating careful monitoring of these patients. Among noninvasive imaging techniques, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is becoming increasingly important in evaluating patients with TS. CMR offers a unique ability to noninvasively assess myocardial tissue characteristics, allowing for detecting the typical features of TS, such as specific wall motion abnormalities and myocardial edema. Beyond its well-established diagnostic utility in the clinical management of TS, CMR has also proven valuable in prognosis and risk stratification for these patients. Advances in CMR, including myocardial strain and parametric mapping have expanded its role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up of these patients. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential applications of CMR in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of TS patients. It explores the emerging use of novel CMR imaging biomarkers that may enhance diagnosis, improve prognostic accuracy, and contribute to the overall management of these patients.
心尖球囊样综合征（TS）是一种暂时性左心室（LV）功能障碍的形式，其特征是 LV 损伤的明显模式，通常由身体或情绪应激事件引发。从历史上看，由于心肌功能的迅速恢复和总体上极好的结果，TS 被认为是一种良性疾病。然而，最近的研究表明，类似于心肌梗死后出现的并发症也可能发生，因此需要仔细监测这些患者。在非侵入性成像技术中，心血管磁共振（CMR）在评估 TS 患者方面变得越来越重要。CMR 具有独特的能力，可以非侵入性地评估心肌组织特征，从而检测到 TS 的典型特征，如特定的壁运动异常和心肌水肿。除了在 TS 的临床管理中具有既定的诊断效用外，CMR 在这些患者的预后和风险分层方面也被证明具有价值。CMR 的进展，包括心肌应变和参数映射，扩大了其在这些患者的诊断、预后和随访中的作用。这篇综述旨在全面概述 CMR 在 TS 患者的诊断和预后评估中的潜在应用。它探讨了新型 CMR 成像生物标志物的新兴用途，这些标志物可能增强诊断、提高预后准确性，并有助于这些患者的整体管理。
