Department of Geological Sciences, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Oct 5;196(11):1023. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13150-8.
Groundwater is an essential natural resource for mankind. Due to various geogenic and anthropogenic causes, groundwater quality has raised serious concern over the years. In this study, groundwater quality was evaluated for its suitability for irrigation in the Jorhat and Golaghat Districts of Assam, India. A total of 100 groundwater samples were collected from shallow aquifers (< 35 m) from different locations during the pre-monsoon season (March-April 2022). Groundwater in the study area is slightly alkaline in nature (mean pH value of 7.44). The average cations and anions chemistry are in the order of Na > Ca Mg > K and HCO > Cl > SO > CO, respectively. Ca-Mg-HCO followed by Na-Ca-HCO-Cl are the primary water types in the study area. Pearson's correlation matrix showed a positive correlation between TDS and EC (r = 0.78) and sodium showed a positive correlation with TDS and bicarbonate (r = 0.62 and r = 0.65), respectively. Gibbs plot indicated that rock-water interaction is the dominant factor that controls the chemistry of the groundwater of the area. Irrigation parameters like Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Permeability Index (PI), Magnesium Absorption Ratio (MAR), Kelly's Ratio (KR), and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) indicated that groundwater is overall suitable for irrigation. USSL diagram illustrated that most of the samples fell into the C2 (medium salinity) and S1 (low sodium hazard) categories. Wilcox plot showed the samples fell in excellent to good categories indicating fitness of groundwater for irrigation in the area.
地下水是人类必不可少的自然资源。由于各种地球成因和人为因素，地下水质量多年来一直引起严重关注。本研究评估了印度阿萨姆邦乔尔哈特和戈拉加特地区浅层含水层（<35 m）地下水的适宜性用于灌溉。在季风前季节（2022 年 3 月至 4 月），从不同地点采集了 100 个地下水样本。研究区地下水呈弱碱性（平均 pH 值为 7.44）。平均阳离子和阴离子化学物质的顺序为 Na > Ca Mg > K 和 HCO > Cl > SO > CO ，分别。Ca-Mg-HCO 随后是 Na-Ca-HCO-Cl 是研究区的主要水型。皮尔逊相关矩阵显示 TDS 和 EC 之间存在正相关（r = 0.78），而钠与 TDS 和碳酸氢盐呈正相关（r = 0.62 和 r = 0.65）。Gibbs 图表明，岩石-水相互作用是控制该地区地下水化学的主要因素。灌溉参数如钠吸收比（SAR）、渗透率指数（PI）、镁吸收比（MAR）、凯利比（KR）和灌溉水质指数（IWQI）表明地下水总体上适合灌溉。USSL 图表明，大多数样本属于 C2（中等盐度）和 S1（低盐害）类别。Wilcox 图显示样本落入优秀到良好类别，表明该地区地下水适合灌溉。
