Department of Communication, University of California San Diego, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Centre for Research on Communication and Culture, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Soc Sci Med. 2024 Nov;360:117304. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117304. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
This paper explores patterns of communication during the COVID-19 pandemic in four countries with right-wing populist governments during that period, Brazil, Poland, Serbia and the United States, based on interviews with key actors involved in that process. We look at a number of characteristics normally associated with populist rule and political culture likely to affect pandemic communication, including polarization, cultural populism hostile to expertise, personalized rule and machismo, the performance of crisis, and illiberalism. We find that many of these characteristics can be seen in patterns of pandemic communication across the four countries, but also find significant differences in the response of populist leaders between the U.S. and Brazil, on one hand, and Poland and Serbia on the other. Differences can be linked to different varieties of populism in the four countries and specifically their commitment to libertarian or more statist approaches, which also inform disparate public health policies, as well as to different levels of entrenchment of populists in positions of power. We conclude by discussing the politicization of public health and the lessons of the COVID pandemic for emergency risk communication in the era of populism.
本文基于对这一时期四个右翼民粹主义政府国家（巴西、波兰、塞尔维亚和美国）的关键参与者的采访，探讨了在 COVID-19 大流行期间的沟通模式。我们研究了一些通常与民粹主义统治和政治文化相关的特征，这些特征可能会影响大流行期间的沟通，包括极化、敌视专业知识的文化民粹主义、个性化统治和男子气概、危机表现和不自由。我们发现，这些特征中的许多在四个国家的大流行沟通模式中都可以看到，但也发现了民粹主义领导人在美巴之间的反应与波塞之间存在显著差异。差异可以归因于这四个国家民粹主义的不同形式，特别是它们对自由意志主义或更国家主义方法的承诺，这也影响了不同的公共卫生政策，以及民粹主义者在权力位置上的不同程度的巩固。最后，我们通过讨论公共卫生的政治化以及民粹主义时代的 COVID 大流行对紧急风险沟通的教训来结束讨论。
