Sağlık Bilimleri University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, 34736 Istanbul, Turkey.
Sağlık Bilimleri University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, 34736 Istanbul, Turkey.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jan 15;369:373-380. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.161. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
The frequency of developing psychiatric symptoms is higher in the first-degree relatives of bipolar patients compared to the healthy population. This study aims to determine the possible diagnosis of bipolarity by revealing the bipolar prodromal features, temperament changes, and emotional disregulation in the first-degree relatives of bipolar patients and their interrelationships.
A total of 150 patients, including bipolar disorder patients, their first-degree relatives, and a healthy control group, aged 18-65 who met the study inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Bipolar Prodromal Symptom Scale (BPSS), Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) were administered to all participants.
Significant differences were found between the BPSS, TEMPS-A, and DERS total and subscale scores of the bipolar patient group, first-degree relatives, and healthy control group (p < 0.001). There were significant differences in BPSS frequency and severity subscale scores, TEMPS-A hyperthymic and cyclothymic subscale scores, and DERS strategy, goal-oriented, and awareness subscale scores between patients and their first-degree relatives (p < 0.001). Additionally, all scale scores of the patient relatives were significantly different from the healthy control group (p < 0.001). A significant relationship was found between the prodromal scores and temperament scores of the patient relatives, and between the temperament scores and DERS scores (p < 0.001).
It has been observed that the severity and frequency of bipolar prodromal symptoms, temperament changes, and difficulty in mood regulation are higher in bipolar patients and their first-degree relatives compared to the healthy population. Differences were found in hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperament features and difficulty in mood regulation scores between bipolar patients and their first-degree relatives. Patient relatives showed significant changes in all parameters compared to the healthy group. The severity of bipolar prodromal symptoms in patient relatives was associated with cyclothymic and anxious temperament features, while the frequency of bipolar symptoms was associated with anxious temperament. Relationships were found between some temperament and mood regulation difficulty sub-scores. In light of these findings, evaluating clinical variables such as the frequency and severity of prodromal symptoms, temperament features, and difficulty in mood regulation in the first-degree relatives of bipolar patients may be an appropriate approach for diagnosing mood disorders.
与健康人群相比，双相障碍患者的一级亲属出现精神症状的频率更高。本研究旨在通过揭示双相障碍前驱症状、气质变化和情绪调节障碍，确定双相障碍一级亲属的可能诊断，并探讨它们之间的相互关系。
本研究共纳入 150 名患者，包括双相障碍患者、其一级亲属和健康对照组，年龄 18-65 岁，符合研究纳入标准。所有参与者均接受社会人口学数据表格、双相前驱症状量表（BPSS）、孟菲斯、比萨、巴黎、圣地亚哥自动问卷（TEMPS-A）和情绪调节困难量表（DERS）评估。
双相障碍患者组、一级亲属组和健康对照组在 BPSS、TEMPS-A 和 DERS 总分和分量表评分上存在显著差异（p<0.001）。患者与一级亲属在 BPSS 频率和严重程度分量表评分、TEMPS-A 欣快和环性气质分量表评分以及 DERS 策略、目标导向和意识分量表评分上存在显著差异（p<0.001）。此外，患者亲属的所有量表评分与健康对照组均存在显著差异（p<0.001）。患者亲属的前驱症状评分与气质评分之间、气质评分与 DERS 评分之间存在显著相关性（p<0.001）。
与健康人群相比，双相障碍患者及其一级亲属的双相前驱症状严重程度和频率、气质变化和情绪调节困难程度更高。双相障碍患者及其一级亲属在欣快和环性气质特征以及情绪调节困难评分上存在差异。与健康组相比，患者亲属在所有参数上均表现出显著变化。患者亲属的双相前驱症状严重程度与环性和焦虑气质特征有关，而前驱症状的频率与焦虑气质有关。一些气质和情绪调节困难子量表之间存在相关性。鉴于这些发现，评估双相障碍患者一级亲属的前驱症状频率和严重程度、气质特征和情绪调节困难等临床变量，可能是诊断心境障碍的一种恰当方法。
