Ullah Saif, Han Xiaomei, Deng Rongyan, Ali Izhar, Li Wannian, Xu Yuanyuan, Yang Mei
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122823. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122823. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
The transition from monoculture to mixed-species agroforestry systems affects soil organic matter and microbial activity. However, the specific dynamics of these changes, particularly within medicinal plant-based agroforestry, remain underexplored. This study investigates the impact of monoculture Pine (Pinus massoniana) forests and four agroforestry models: (M1) Pinus massoniana and Alpina oxyphylla, (M2) Pinus massoniana and Ficus simplicissima, (M3) Pinus massoniana and Amomum villosum, and (M4) Pinus massoniana and Curcuma longa on soil properties and microbial activity in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere environments. Our results showed significantly higher pH (4.80) and total nitrogen (N) content (1.77 g kg) in the rhizosphere of model (M4) compared to (CK). Total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon fractions (POC, DOC, and MBC) also differed significantly across monoculture and agroforestry models, with highest TOC concentrations (31.70 g kg⁻) in rhizosphere of CK. Exchangeable cations, including Ca⁺, and Mg⁺ were significantly higher in the rhizosphere of agroforestry models compared to CK, particularly in M4, where Ca⁺ was recorded at 12.03 cmol kg with the highest percent base saturation (PBS) at 90.17%. Enzymes leucine aminopeptidase and polyphenol oxidase varied significantly, with higher activity in the rhizosphere of agroforestry models and greater activity in non-rhizosphere of monoculture. Soil microbial respiration (MRes) revealed substantial differences, with an average 17% decrease in rhizosphere soil for models M2 and M4 and a 20.83% reduction in non-rhizosphere soil for model M1 compared to CK. Generalized Linear Model (GLM) demonstrated a significant positive correlation between TOC and MRes (R = 0.885, p < 0.01), indicating that higher TOC levels are linked with increased MRes. In conclusion, model M4 most effectively enhanced soil fertility and nutrient availability followed by the other agroforestry models tested. This suggests that integrating medicinal plants into agroforestry systems is a viable strategy for improving ecosystem functioning compared to monoculture practices.
从单一栽培向混交林农林业系统的转变会影响土壤有机质和微生物活性。然而，这些变化的具体动态，尤其是在以药用植物为基础的农林业中，仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了单一栽培的马尾松林以及四种农林业模式：（M1）马尾松和益智；（M2）马尾松和五指毛桃；（M3）马尾松和阳春砂仁；（M4）马尾松和姜黄对根际和非根际环境中土壤性质及微生物活性的影响。我们的结果表明，与对照（CK）相比，模式（M4）根际的pH值（4.80）和总氮（N）含量（1.77 g kg）显著更高。单一栽培和农林业模式之间的总有机碳（TOC）和碳组分（POC、DOC和MBC）也存在显著差异，对照根际的TOC浓度最高（31.70 g kg⁻）。与对照相比，包括Ca⁺和Mg⁺在内的交换性阳离子在农林业模式根际显著更高，特别是在M4中，Ca⁺记录为12.03 cmol kg，碱基饱和度百分比（PBS）最高，为90.17%。亮氨酸氨肽酶和多酚氧化酶存在显著差异，在农林业模式根际活性较高，在单一栽培的非根际活性更高。土壤微生物呼吸（MRes）显示出显著差异，与对照相比，M2和M4模式根际土壤平均降低17%，M1模式非根际土壤降低20.83%。广义线性模型（GLM）表明TOC与MRes之间存在显著正相关（R = 0.885，p < 0.01），表明较高的TOC水平与MRes增加有关。总之，模式M4最有效地提高了土壤肥力和养分有效性，其次是其他测试的农林业模式。这表明与单一栽培做法相比，将药用植物纳入农林业系统是改善生态系统功能的可行策略。
