Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Cognition. 2025 Jan;254:105974. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105974. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
While abundant literature suggests that both performing congruent actions and emotional stimuli can enhance memory, their combined impact on memory for action phrases remains underexplored. This study investigated the effects of enactment with emotionally charged stimuli on memory performance. Sixty participants encoded action sentences with negative, neutral, or positive emotional connotations using either enactment or verbal-reading methods. Memory performance was assessed through immediate free recall tasks and a delayed yes-no recognition task. Results demonstrated a significant memory advantage for action-enacted sentences compared to verbal reading in recall and recognition tasks. Moreover, recall accuracy was higher for negative action sentences, while recognition performance was enhanced for negative and positive sentences. No interaction was found between encoding type and emotional connotation in memory tasks. Our findings revealed that both enactment and valence independently enhance memory performance, extending the benefits of enactment to emotional stimuli. Furthermore, our results highlight the differential effects of valence on free recall and recognition tasks, suggesting task-specific processes related to memory for negative and positive stimuli.
虽然大量文献表明，执行一致的动作和情绪刺激都可以增强记忆，但它们对动作短语记忆的综合影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了执行带有情绪色彩的刺激对记忆表现的影响。60 名参与者使用执行或口头阅读的方法对带有消极、中性或积极情绪内涵的动作句子进行编码。通过即时自由回忆任务和延迟的是/否识别任务评估记忆表现。结果表明，与口头阅读相比，动作执行句子在回忆和识别任务中具有显著的记忆优势。此外，消极动作句子的回忆准确性更高，而消极和积极句子的识别表现得到了提高。在记忆任务中，编码类型和情绪内涵之间没有发现交互作用。我们的发现表明，执行和效价都独立地增强了记忆表现，将执行的好处扩展到了情绪刺激上。此外，我们的结果突出了效价对自由回忆和识别任务的不同影响，表明与记忆消极和积极刺激相关的特定任务过程。
