Maemichi Toshihiro, Matsumoto Masatomo, Tsutsui Toshiharu, Ichikawa Shota, Okunuki Takumi, Tanaka Hirofumi, Kumai Tsukasa
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Foot Ankle Orthop. 2024 Sep 30;9(3):24730114241278927. doi: 10.1177/24730114241278927. eCollection 2024 Jul.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in the movement of the superficial microchambers and deep macrochambers of the heel fat pad during loading and unloading movements, and to clarify the influence of height and weight on this movement.
The subjects were 21 healthy adults. The right foot was placed on an evaluation instrument stand made of polymethylpentene (PMP) resin plate, and the left foot was placed on a scale stand used to adjust the amount of load. When measuring, the heel fat pad is divided into the superficial microchamber layer and the deep macrochamber layer, and the thickness due to loading from 0% to 100% of the body weight and unloading from 100% to 0% is measured. Measurement was performed every 20% using an ultrasound imaging device. We also examined the rate of change in the thickness of the superficial and deep layers of the heel fat pad when applying 100% load (end load) from 0% load (unload).
No changes were observed in the superficial layer of the heel fat pad during unloading, but significant changes were observed in the deeper layers. Additionally, the thickness of the microchamber and macrochamber layers tended to increase under each loading condition as the height and weight increased. On the other hand, the rate of change in the thickness of the macrochamber layer tended to decrease.
The microchamber layer and the macrochamber layer of the heel fat pad may have different functions. As height and weight increase, the thickness of the microchamber and macrochamber layers may increase, and the rate of change in the thickness of the macrochamber layer appears to decrease. Although the thickness increases as the load increases, we found that the related elasticity decreases.
Level Ⅳ, cross-sectional survey study.
本研究的目的是阐明足跟脂肪垫浅层微腔和深层大腔在加载和卸载运动过程中的运动差异，并阐明身高和体重对该运动的影响。
研究对象为21名健康成年人。将右脚放在由聚甲基戊烯（PMP）树脂板制成的评估仪器支架上，左脚放在用于调整负荷量的秤架上。测量时，将足跟脂肪垫分为浅层微腔层和深层大腔层，测量从体重的0%加载到100%以及从100%卸载到0%时的厚度。使用超声成像设备每隔20%进行一次测量。我们还研究了从0%负荷（卸载）施加100%负荷（终末负荷）时足跟脂肪垫浅层和深层厚度的变化率。
卸载过程中足跟脂肪垫浅层未观察到变化，但深层观察到显著变化。此外，随着身高和体重增加，在每种加载条件下微腔层和大腔层的厚度趋于增加。另一方面，大腔层厚度的变化率趋于降低。
足跟脂肪垫的微腔层和大腔层可能具有不同功能。随着身高和体重增加，微腔层和大腔层的厚度可能增加，且大腔层厚度的变化率似乎降低。虽然厚度随负荷增加而增加，但我们发现相关弹性降低。
Ⅳ级，横断面调查研究。
