Yan Pupu, Liu Jiali, Huang Yongxi, Yi Tilin, Zhang Heng, Dai Gang, Wang Xiong, Gao Zhenzhen, He Bin, Guo Weili, Su Yingbing, Guo Liwei
Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Sep 20;15:1465346. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1465346. eCollection 2024.
The aim of this research was to clarify the mechanism through which baicalin exerts its inhibitory effects on infection.
The antibacterial efficacy of baicalin was assessed by determining its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against . Various parameters, including the growth curve, cell wall integrity, biofilm formation, AKP content, and morphological alterations of , were analyzed. In vivo experiments involved the administration of 4 h postintraperitoneal injection of varying doses of baicalin to induce infection, with subsequent monitoring of mortality rates. After a 3 d period, liver, spleen, and intestinal tissues were harvested to evaluate organ indices, antioxidant and immune parameters, as well as intestinal microbial composition.
The findings indicated that baicalin treatment resulted in the disruption of the cell wall of , leading to the loss of its normal structural integrity. Furthermore, baicalin significantly inhibited biofilm formation and facilitated the release of intracellular proteins ( < 0.05). In vivo, baicalin enhanced the survival rates of yellow catfish infected with . Compared to the control group, the liver index of yellow catfish was elevated, while the spleen and intestinal indices were reduced in the baicalin-treated group ( < 0.05). Additionally, baicalin at an appropriate dosage was found to increase levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, ACP, and AKP in yellow catfish ( < 0.05), while simultaneously decreasing MDA accumulation and the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as Keap1, IL1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, ( < 0.05). Moreover, baicalin significantly enhanced the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) count in -infected yellow catfish ( < 0.05), restoring the abundance of Barnesiellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Plesiomonas, and ( < 0.05).
In summary, baicalin demonstrates the potential to improve the survival rate of yellow catfish subjected to infection, augment antioxidant and immune responses, mitigate inflammation, and enhance intestinal microbial diversity.
本研究的目的是阐明黄芩苷对感染发挥抑制作用的机制。
通过测定黄芩苷对[具体对象]的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）来评估其抗菌效果。分析了包括生长曲线、细胞壁完整性、生物膜形成、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）含量以及[具体对象]的形态变化等各种参数。体内实验包括在腹腔注射不同剂量黄芩苷4小时后诱导感染，随后监测死亡率。3天后，采集肝脏、脾脏和肠道组织以评估器官指数、抗氧化和免疫参数以及肠道微生物组成。
研究结果表明，黄芩苷处理导致[具体对象]细胞壁破裂，使其正常结构完整性丧失。此外，黄芩苷显著抑制生物膜形成并促进细胞内蛋白质释放（P<0.05）。在体内，黄芩苷提高了感染[具体对象]的黄颡鱼的存活率。与对照组相比，黄芩苷处理组黄颡鱼的肝脏指数升高，而脾脏和肠道指数降低（P<0.05）。此外，发现适当剂量的黄芩苷可增加黄颡鱼体内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）的水平（P<0.05），同时降低丙二醛（MDA）积累以及炎症标志物如 Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白 1（Keap1）、白细胞介素 1（IL1）、干扰素 -γ（IFN -γ）和肿瘤坏死因子 -α（TNF -α）的 mRNA 表达（P<0.05）。此外，黄芩苷显著增加感染[具体对象]的黄颡鱼的可操作分类单元（OTU）数量（P<0.05），恢复了巴恩斯氏菌科、肠杆菌科、类志贺邻单胞菌和[具体菌属]的丰度（P<0.05）。
总之，黄芩苷显示出提高受[具体对象]感染的黄颡鱼存活率、增强抗氧化和免疫反应、减轻炎症以及增强肠道微生物多样性的潜力。
