Exploring Anticancer Potential of Strains: Insights into Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Mechanisms on HCT 115 Cancer Cells.

INTRODUCTION

This study aims to systematically assess the anticancer potential of distinct strains on Human Colorectal Tumor (HCT) 115 cancer cells, with a primary focus on the apoptotic mechanisms involved. strains were isolated from sheep milk and underwent a meticulous microbial isolation process. Previous research indicates that certain probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus species, may exhibit anticancer properties through mechanisms such as apoptosis induction. However, there is limited understanding of how different strains exert these effects on cancer cells and the underlying molecular pathways involved.

METHODS

Cytotoxicity was evaluated through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and exposure durations of cell-free lyophilized filtrates. Additional apoptotic features were characterized using 4.6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) analysis for nuclear fragmentation and Annexin V/PI analysis for apoptosis quantification. Genetic analysis explored the modulation of apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bcl) in response to treatment. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to understand the genetic makeup of the strains used in the study.

RESULTS

The study demonstrated a significant reduction in HCT 115 cell viability, particularly with , as evidenced by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) and MTT assays. DAPI analysis revealed nuclear fragmentation, emphasizing an apoptotic cell death mechanism. Annexin V/PI analysis supported this, showing a higher percentage of early and late apoptosis in -treated cells. Genetic analysis uncovered up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl in response to treatment. WGS study revealed a strain reported to NCBI PRJNA439183.

DISCUSSION

emerged as a potent antiproliferative agent against HCT 115 cancer cells, inducing apoptosis through intricate molecular mechanisms. This study underscores the scientific basis for potential role in cancer therapeutics, highlighting its impact on antiproliferation, adhesion, and gene-protein regulation. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific molecular pathways involved and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of in preclinical and clinical settings.