Pettibone John M, Louie Stacey M
Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
Environ Sci Nano. 2016 Apr;3(2). doi: 10.1039/c6en90006b.
Nanomaterials are currently being used for remediation of soils and groundwater. However, the continued use of currently implemented nanomaterials and the systematic development of more effective and ecologically benign materials require a more complete understanding of their ecological impact, which should include the transport through the subsurface, acute, chronic and long term effects of exposure, and the role of nanomaterial characteristics (., composition, surface coating). In the current highlight, three articles that examine different aspects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) transport, reactivity or exposure to model organisms are summarily reported, which advance the development of more sustainable remediation approaches. The first study examines the role of a model biofilm on the transport of different Pd-doped nZVI species through granulated media, and also the associated nanomaterial toxicity to the forming and sessile bacteria. The second study examines the multigenerational reproductive impacts of resulting from nZVI exposure. Lastly, the resulting products of nZVI reactivity with U(vi) species at environmentally relevant molar ratios are examined, and a thorough analysis of the resulting products are reported, which provide valuable data for predicting the consequential role nZVI remediation will have on the ecosystem at and near contaminated sites.
目前，纳米材料正被用于土壤和地下水的修复。然而，要持续使用当前已应用的纳米材料并系统开发更有效且生态友好的材料，就需要更全面地了解它们的生态影响，这应包括在地下的迁移、暴露的急性、慢性和长期影响，以及纳米材料特性（如组成、表面涂层）的作用。在本期亮点文章中，简要报道了三篇研究纳米零价铁（nZVI）迁移、反应性或对模式生物暴露不同方面的文章，这些文章推动了更可持续修复方法的发展。第一项研究考察了模型生物膜在不同钯掺杂nZVI物种通过颗粒介质迁移过程中的作用，以及相关纳米材料对生长和附着细菌的毒性。第二项研究考察了nZVI暴露对多代繁殖的影响。最后，研究了nZVI与环境相关摩尔比的U(vi)物种反应的产物，并对所得产物进行了全面分析，这些分析为预测nZVI修复在受污染场地及附近生态系统中将产生的后续作用提供了有价值的数据。
