Bošković Mateja, Koschnitzke Matthias, Porto Rafael A
<a href="https://ror.org/01js2sh04">Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY</a>, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, <a href="https://ror.org/00g30e956">Universität Hamburg</a>, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Sep 20;133(12):121401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.121401.
We show that the existence of clouds of ultralight particles surrounding black holes during their cosmological history as members of a binary system can leave a measurable imprint on the distribution of masses and orbital eccentricities observable with future gravitational-wave detectors. Notably, we find that for nonprecessing binaries with chirp masses M≲10M_{⊙}, formed exclusively in isolation, larger-than-expected values of the eccentricity, i.e., e≳10^{-2} at gravitational-wave frequencies f_{GW}≃10^{-2} Hz, would provide tantalizing evidence for a new particle of mass between [0.5,2.5]×10^{-12} eV in nature. The predicted evolution of the eccentricity can also drastically affect the in-band phase evolution and peak frequency. These results constitute unique signatures of boson clouds of ultralight particles in the dynamics of binary black holes, which will be readily accessible with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, as well as future midband and decihertz detectors.
我们表明，在黑洞的宇宙学历史中，作为双星系统的成员，其周围存在超轻粒子云会在未来引力波探测器可观测到的质量分布和轨道偏心率上留下可测量的印记。值得注意的是，我们发现，对于仅在孤立情况下形成的啁啾质量 (M\lesssim10M_{\odot}) 的非进动双星，在引力波频率 (f_{GW}\simeq10^{-2}) Hz 时，大于预期的偏心率值，即 (e\gtrsim10^{-2})，将为自然界中质量在 ([0.5,2.5]\times10^{-12}) eV 之间的新粒子提供诱人的证据。预测的偏心率演化也会极大地影响带内相位演化和峰值频率。这些结果构成了超轻粒子玻色子云在双黑洞动力学中的独特特征，激光干涉空间天线以及未来的中频和分赫兹探测器将很容易探测到这些特征。
