Schrör K
Z Kardiol. 1985;74 Suppl 7:93-7.
Endothelial cells are an important source for eicosanoid formation in the cardiovascular system. All of the major pathways of eicosanoid production have been demonstrated in endothelial cells, yielding significant amounts of prostacyclin (PGI2), PGE2, PGF2 alpha, thromboxane A2, leukotrienes and a number of hydro-(pero)xy fatty acids. The regulation of eicosanoid production by endothelial cells is poorly understood. There is evidence that precursors, such as arachidonic acid, may be provided by other cell types. Endothelial cell-derived eicosanoids are involved in the regulation of local vessel tone, intravascular platelet activation, cell locomotion and, eventually, cell proliferation. Most of the available information today considers prostacyclin. This compound is the quantitatively dominating eicosanoid in endothelial cells. Major actions of PGI2 include inhibition of platelet activation and aggregation, relaxation of arterial vessels and inhibition of growth-factor release. There is probably a tight interaction with other biologically active mediators which needs further evaluation. The unique property of the eicosanoid system to become activated only in response to stimulation, the local nature of this reaction, the multiplicity of products formed and the short half-life of most of them are currently the most significant obstacles to define the role of endothelial cell-derived eicosanoids in clinical practice.
内皮细胞是心血管系统中类二十烷酸形成的重要来源。类二十烷酸生成的所有主要途径在内皮细胞中均已得到证实，可产生大量的前列环素（PGI2）、前列腺素E2、前列腺素F2α、血栓素A2、白三烯以及多种氢（过氧）氧基脂肪酸。目前对内皮细胞类二十烷酸生成的调控了解甚少。有证据表明，诸如花生四烯酸等前体可能由其他细胞类型提供。内皮细胞衍生的类二十烷酸参与局部血管张力的调节、血管内血小板激活、细胞运动以及最终的细胞增殖。当今大多数现有信息都聚焦于前列环素。该化合物是内皮细胞中数量上占主导的类二十烷酸。前列环素2的主要作用包括抑制血小板激活和聚集、舒张动脉血管以及抑制生长因子释放。它可能与其他生物活性介质存在紧密相互作用，这需要进一步评估。类二十烷酸系统仅在受到刺激时才被激活的独特性质、这种反应的局部性、形成产物的多样性以及它们大多数的短半衰期，目前是在临床实践中界定内皮细胞衍生类二十烷酸作用的最主要障碍。
