School of Clinical Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China.
Department of Hematology, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China.
Cell Transplant. 2024 Jan-Dec;33:9636897241284283. doi: 10.1177/09636897241284283.
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal disorder that affects hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), primarily occurring in the elderly population. Lower-risk MDS is characterized by a decrease in blood cells, whereas higher-risk MDS is associated with an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, the treatment of MDS is still unsatisfactory, although demethylating agents, azacitidine (AZA), and decitabine (Dec) have been successfully used to treat MDS and improve survival rates. However, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative treatment for MDS patients, effectively increasing patient survival and quality of life. Nevertheless, treatment-related toxicity, graft-versus-host disease, infectious complications, and relapse are still major post-transplant issues. In this review, through a retrospective analysis of past and present HSCT for the treatment of MDS, we provide insights for the future.
骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）是一种影响造血干细胞（HSCs）的克隆性疾病，主要发生在老年人群中。低危 MDS 的特征是血细胞减少，而高危 MDS 则与急性髓系白血病（AML）转化的风险增加相关。目前，MDS 的治疗仍不尽如人意，尽管去甲基化剂、阿扎胞苷（AZA）和地西他滨（Dec）已成功用于治疗 MDS 并提高生存率。然而，造血干细胞移植（HSCT）仍然是 MDS 患者唯一的治愈性治疗方法，有效提高了患者的生存率和生活质量。然而，治疗相关的毒性、移植物抗宿主病、感染并发症和复发仍然是移植后的主要问题。在这篇综述中，我们通过对过去和现在 HSCT 治疗 MDS 的回顾性分析，为未来提供了一些见解。
