Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Av. De Los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Edo de México, Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, ICUAP-BUAP, Puebla, Mexico.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Nov;196:106987. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106987. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
Gallibacterium anatis is a member of the Pasteurellaceae family and is an opportunistic pathogen that causes gallibacteriosis in chickens. Stress plays a relevant role in promoting the development of pathogenicity in G. anatis. Epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) are relevant to stress; however, their effects on G. anatis have not been elucidated. In this work, we evaluated the effects of E and NE on the growth, biofilm formation, expression of adhesins, and proteases of two G. anatis strains, namely, the hemolytic 12656-12 and the nonhemolytic F149 biovars. E (10 μM/mL) and NE (30 and 50 μM/mL) increased the growth of G. anatis 12656-12 by 20 % and 25 %, respectively. E did not affect the growth of F149, whereas 40 μM/mL NE decreased bacterial growth by 25 %. E and NE at a dose of 30-50 μM/mL upregulated five fibrinogen adhesins in the 12565-12 strain, whereas no effect was observed in the F149 strain. NE increased proteolytic activity in both strains, whereas E diminished proteolytic activity in the 12656-12 strain. E and NE reduced biofilm formation (30 %) and increased Congo red binding (15 %) in both strains. QseBC is the E and NE two-component detection system most common in bacteria. The qseC gene, which is the E and NE receptor in bacteria, was identified in the genomic DNA of the 12565-12 and F149G. anatis strains via PCR amplification. Our results suggest that QseC can detect host changes in E and NE concentrations and that catecholamines can modulate the expression of several virulence factors in G. anatis.
鸡传染性鼻炎病原体鸡败血支原体是巴斯德氏菌科的一员，属于机会致病菌，可引起鸡传染性鼻炎。应激在促进鸡败血支原体致病性发展方面起着重要作用。肾上腺素（E）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）与应激有关，但它们对鸡败血支原体的影响尚未阐明。在这项工作中，我们评估了 E 和 NE 对两种鸡败血支原体菌株，即溶血 12656-12 株和非溶血 F149 生物型的生长、生物膜形成、黏附素和蛋白酶表达的影响。E（10 μM/mL）和 NE（30 和 50 μM/mL）分别使鸡败血支原体 12656-12 的生长增加了 20%和 25%。E 不影响 F149 的生长，而 40 μM/mL NE 使细菌生长减少了 25%。E 和 NE 的剂量为 30-50 μM/mL 上调了 12565-12 菌株中的 5 种纤维蛋白原黏附素，而在 F149 菌株中则没有观察到这种现象。NE 增加了两株菌的蛋白水解活性，而 E 则减少了 12656-12 株的蛋白水解活性。E 和 NE 减少了生物膜形成（30%）并增加了刚果红结合（15%）在两株菌中。QseBC 是细菌中最常见的 E 和 NE 双组分检测系统。通过 PCR 扩增，在鸡败血支原体 12565-12 和 F149G 的基因组 DNA 中鉴定了 qseC 基因，该基因是细菌中 E 和 NE 的受体。我们的结果表明，QseC 可以检测到宿主中 E 和 NE 浓度的变化，儿茶酚胺可以调节鸡败血支原体中几种毒力因子的表达。
