Seyidaliyeva Aida, Zenthöfer Andreas, Rues Stefan
Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Int J Dent. 2024 Sep 27;2024:8696008. doi: 10.1155/2024/8696008. eCollection 2024.
To evaluate the impact of surface conditioning of titanium, zirconia thickness, and cement type on the final color of zirconia luted to the titanium. A total of 192 grade 5 titanium specimens with the final dimensions 10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm were fabricated and subjected to four different surface conditioning including, that is, sandblasting, etching, and anodization. In addition, 192 zirconia specimens with the same dimensions as the titanium specimens but altered thicknesses of 0.7 ( = 96) and 1.0 ( = 96) mm were fabricated using 5Y-TZP zirconia. Color as expressed by (lightness), (red-green axis), and (blue-yellow axis) of titanium and zirconia specimens as well as the joined titanium-zirconia complex, total assembly (Panavia V5 clear, PC; opaque, PO, each = 96) were determined under standardized conditions using a spectroradiometer (SpectraScan P-650). Color differences were calculated using the formula. ANOVA supplemented with post hoc Tukey test for group comparisons was compiled to estimate possible effects of titanium conditioning, zirconia thickness, and type of cement used on the final zirconia color (SPSS Ver. 28; = 0.05). All investigated factors affected the zirconia color of the total assembly ( < 0.001). Using PO mean values of all groups were still close to baseline colors ( between 5.5 and 6.2). When using PC, the final color was significantly altered, irrespective of the other parameters. Specimens luted with PO appeared lighter, less reddish ( was affected predominately by sample thickness), and more bluish, while luting with PC resulted in reduced lightness combined with large shifts along the red and yellow axes. Color changes of zirconia luted to titanium are primarily affected by the color of the substrate if a translucent cement was used. Vice versa, the application of an opaque cement effectively masked the dark substrate color. Substrate color and choice of cement have to be taken into consideration when performing shade selection.
评估钛表面处理、氧化锆厚度和粘结剂类型对粘结到钛上的氧化锆最终颜色的影响。共制作了192个最终尺寸为10毫米×10毫米×2毫米的5级钛试样，并对其进行了四种不同的表面处理，即喷砂、蚀刻和阳极氧化。此外，使用5Y-TZP氧化锆制作了192个与钛试样尺寸相同但厚度不同（0.7毫米（=96个）和1.0毫米（=96个））的氧化锆试样。使用分光辐射计（SpectraScan P-650）在标准化条件下测定钛和氧化锆试样以及粘结在一起的钛-氧化锆复合体、总组件（Panavia V5透明粘结剂，PC；不透明粘结剂，PO，各=96个）的颜色，用L*（明度）、a*（红绿轴）和b*（蓝黄轴）表示。使用ΔE公式计算颜色差异。编制了方差分析并辅以用于组间比较的事后Tukey检验，以估计钛表面处理、氧化锆厚度和所用粘结剂类型对最终氧化锆颜色的可能影响（SPSS 28版；α=0.05）。所有研究因素均影响总组件的氧化锆颜色（P<0.001）。使用PO时，所有组的平均值仍接近基线颜色（L在5.5至6.2之间）。使用PC时，无论其他参数如何，最终颜色都会显著改变。用PO粘结的试样看起来更浅、红色更淡（a主要受样品厚度影响）、蓝色更深，而用PC粘结则导致明度降低，并伴有沿红轴和黄轴的大幅偏移。如果使用半透明粘结剂，粘结到钛上的氧化锆的颜色变化主要受基底颜色影响。反之，使用不透明粘结剂可有效掩盖深色基底颜色。在进行比色时，必须考虑基底颜色和粘结剂的选择。
