益生菌与安慰剂：预防早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎
Probiotics vs. Placebo: Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a Premature Infant.
作者信息
Ullah Sami, Khan Inayatullah, Lnu Ayesha, Ullah Khan Jabran, Syed Annam, Shafiq Fatima, Khan Muhammad, Khan Fahad R
机构信息
Pediatric Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, PAK.
Pediatric Medicine, Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciences, Peshawar, PAK.
出版信息
Cureus. 2024 Sep 7;16(9):e68848. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68848. eCollection 2024 Sep.
BACKGROUND
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal condition primarily affecting preterm newborns, leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
OBJECTIVE
This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing NEC in premature infants. Secondary objectives included assessing the impact on mortality, late-onset sepsis, duration of hospital stay, and weight gain.
METHODS
The study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institute, Peshawar, from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024, involving 102 preterm infants. Participants were randomly assigned to receive daily oral probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species) or a placebo.
RESULTS
The incidence of NEC was significantly lower in the probiotic group (7.8%) compared to the placebo group (21.6%; p = 0.04). The probiotic group also showed significant reductions in late-onset sepsis (13.7% vs. 29.4%; p = 0.03), shorter hospital stays (42.5 vs. 48.1 days; p = 0.02), and greater weight gain (15.3 vs. 13.4 grams/day; p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
These findings support the integration of probiotics into neonatal care, particularly in resource-limited settings.
背景
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种主要影响早产新生儿的严重胃肠道疾病，会导致显著的发病率和死亡率。
目的
这项前瞻性队列研究旨在评估益生菌对预防早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的有效性。次要目标包括评估对死亡率、晚发性败血症、住院时间和体重增加的影响。
方法
该研究于2023年4月1日至2024年3月31日在白沙瓦的莱迪·里德医院医学教学机构进行，涉及102名早产儿。参与者被随机分配接受每日口服益生菌（乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌属）或安慰剂。
结果
益生菌组的坏死性小肠结肠炎发病率（7.8%）显著低于安慰剂组（21.6%；p = 0.04）。益生菌组的晚发性败血症也显著减少（13.7%对29.4%；p = 0.03），住院时间更短（42.5天对48.1天；p = 0.02），体重增加更多（15.3克/天对13.4克/天；p = 0.01）。
结论
这些发现支持将益生菌纳入新生儿护理，特别是在资源有限的环境中。
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