Mosalakatane Thembisile Dintle, Gottlich Errol, Mazhani Loeto, Joel Dipesalema, Mogotsi Thabiso Vivien, Arscott-Mills Tonya
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
University of Pretoria, Morningside Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Glob Pediatr Health. 2024 Oct 5;11:2333794X241285272. doi: 10.1177/2333794X241285272. eCollection 2024.
Despite the remarkable progress made in the understanding and treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS), a lot is still unknown about its epidemiology in many African countries. This study sought to determine the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of children with NS at the largest tertiary hospital in Botswana. A retrospective study of 26 children with NS treated from 2009 to 2014 was conducted. Mean age at presentation was 5.96 ± 3.06. Hematuria was found in 92.3%, low C3 in 26.7%, high creatinine in 19.2% and hypertension in 46.2% of the patients. 92.3% had primary NS out of which 23.1% had familial NS. HIV, tuberculosis and hepatitis B infections were diagnosed in 3.85%, 9.09% and 4.16% respectively. 69.2% had steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (SRNS-FSGS). The frequency of primary SRNS-FSGS and familial SRNS appears to be much higher in Botswana highlighting the possibility of genetic causes.
尽管在儿童肾病综合征（NS）的认识和治疗方面取得了显著进展，但在许多非洲国家，其流行病学仍有很多未知之处。本研究旨在确定博茨瓦纳最大的三级医院中NS患儿的临床病理特征和治疗结果。对2009年至2014年治疗的26例NS患儿进行了回顾性研究。就诊时的平均年龄为5.96±3.06岁。92.3%的患者出现血尿，26.7%的患者C3降低，19.2%的患者肌酐升高，46.2%的患者患有高血压。92.3%的患者患有原发性NS，其中23.1%患有家族性NS。分别有3.85%、9.09%和4.16%的患者被诊断出感染艾滋病毒、结核病和乙型肝炎。69.2%的患者患有类固醇抵抗性肾病综合征，局灶节段性肾小球硬化（SRNS-FSGS）。在博茨瓦纳，原发性SRNS-FSGS和家族性SRNS的发生率似乎要高得多，这突出了遗传因素的可能性。
