Sugishita Yodo, Suzuki-Takahashi Yuki, Yudoh Kazuo
Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki City, Japan.
Curr Aging Sci. 2025;18(2):95-101. doi: 10.2174/0118746098319674240827104612.
Although a variety of disease-specific biomarkers have been identified for common lifestyle- or aging-related diseases, there are currently no indices available to measure general health or the existence of pre-symptomatic conditions in various types of tissue and organ damage. A rising body of research suggests that sirtuins may have the potential to be used as an index to assess overall health status and the existence of pre-symptomatic illness states. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylases expressed in a variety of human somatic cells both in health and disease conditions. The activity and expression of SIRTs affect important metabolic pathways, such as cell survival, senescence, proliferation, energy production, stress tolerance, DNA repair, and apoptosis, thereby closely linked to aging and longevity. Given the broad significance of SIRTs in physiological function maintenance, their activity in somatic cells may reflect the early cross-sectional status of tissue damage caused by aging or systemic inflammatory responses that are too early to be detected by disease-specific biomarkers. In this mini-review, we discuss the utility of SIRTs as a surrogate clinical biomarker for health status to evaluate and monitor health life expectancy and the presence of pre-symptomatic illness states.
尽管已经为常见的与生活方式或衰老相关的疾病鉴定出了多种疾病特异性生物标志物，但目前尚无用于测量各种组织和器官损伤中的总体健康状况或症状前状态的指标。越来越多的研究表明，沉默调节蛋白可能有潜力用作评估整体健康状况和症状前疾病状态存在的指标。沉默调节蛋白（SIRTs）是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）依赖性脱乙酰酶，在健康和疾病状态下的多种人类体细胞中均有表达。SIRTs的活性和表达会影响重要的代谢途径，如细胞存活、衰老、增殖、能量产生、应激耐受、DNA修复和凋亡，因此与衰老和长寿密切相关。鉴于SIRTs在维持生理功能方面具有广泛意义，它们在体细胞中的活性可能反映出由衰老或全身炎症反应引起的组织损伤的早期横断面状态，而这些损伤在疾病特异性生物标志物能够检测到之前就已经存在。在本综述中，我们讨论了SIRTs作为健康状况替代临床生物标志物在评估和监测健康预期寿命以及症状前疾病状态存在方面的实用性。
