Saroj Saroj, Saha Sunita, Ali Akbar, Gupta Sanjay Kumar, Bharadwaj Aditi, Agrawal Tanya, Pal Suchetan, Rakshit Tatini
Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi-NCR, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491002, India.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2025 Jan 20;8(1):1-11. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00992. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
Bacterial infections impede wound healing and pose significant challenges in clinical care. There is an immediate need for safe and targeted antivirulence agents to fight bacterial infections effectively. In this regard, bioderived nanovesicles have shown significant promise. This work demonstrated significant antibacterial properties of extracellular nanovesicles derived from plant (mint) leaf juice (MENV). A hydrogel (HG) was developed using oxidized alginate and chitosan and loaded with antibacterial MENVs (MENV-HG). This formulation was investigated for topical HG dressings to treat Gram-positive and Gram-negative -invasive wounds. The developed HG was injectable, biocompatible (>95% cell was viable), nonhemolytic (<5% hemolytic capacity), self-healing and exhibited strong physical and mechanical interactions with the bacteria cells (MENV-HG-treated bacteria were significantly more elastic compared to the control in both (1.01 ± 0.3 MPa, < 0.005 vs 5.03 ± 2.6) and (5.81 ± 2.1 MPa vs 10.81 ± 3.8, < 0.005). MENV-HG was topically applied on wounds with a slow MENV release profile, ensuring effective healing. These results demonstrated decreased inflammation and expedited healing within 10 days of treatment (wound area closure was 99% with MENV-HG treatment and 87% for control). Taken together, MENV-HGs have the potential for a scalable and sustainable wound dressing strategy that works satisfactorily for bacteria-infected wound healing and to be validated in clinical trials.
细菌感染会阻碍伤口愈合，给临床护理带来重大挑战。迫切需要安全且有针对性的抗毒力药物来有效对抗细菌感染。在这方面，生物衍生的纳米囊泡已显示出巨大的潜力。这项工作证明了源自植物（薄荷）叶汁的细胞外纳米囊泡（MENV）具有显著的抗菌特性。使用氧化藻酸盐和壳聚糖开发了一种水凝胶（HG），并负载了抗菌的MENV（MENV-HG）。对这种制剂进行了研究，用于局部HG敷料以治疗革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性侵入性伤口。所开发的HG可注射、具有生物相容性（>95%的细胞存活）、无溶血作用（溶血能力<5%）、具有自愈性，并且与细菌细胞表现出强烈的物理和机械相互作用（与对照组相比，MENV-HG处理的细菌在革兰氏阳性菌（1.01±0.3兆帕，P<0.005对比5.03±2.6）和革兰氏阴性菌（5.81±2.1兆帕对比10.81±3.8，P<0.005）中都明显更具弹性）。MENV-HG以缓慢的MENV释放曲线局部应用于伤口，确保有效愈合。这些结果表明在治疗10天内炎症减轻且愈合加快（MENV-HG治疗的伤口面积闭合率为99%，对照组为87%）。综上所述，MENV-HG有潜力成为一种可扩展且可持续的伤口敷料策略，对细菌感染的伤口愈合效果良好，并有待在临床试验中得到验证。
