Grelowska Marta, Logoń Katarzyna, Dziadkowiak Edyta
Student Scientific Association of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2025 Mar;34(3):457-467. doi: 10.17219/acem/186949.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy with diverse clinical subtypes, characterized by rapidly evolving motor weakness, sensory disturbances and areflexia. The global prevalence of GBS has been steadily increasing, with regional disparities. Mortality rates vary but remain elevated in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the predictive risk factors for the severity of the disease and poor shortand long-term outcomes of GBS. The literature search was conducted using the PubMed database by 2 independently working researchers. After a screening process of studies published before November 2023, a total of 109 articles were selected. Original articles, systematic and narrative reviews, meta-analyses, and editorials were selected based on their clinical relevance. The exclusion criteria included patients under 18 years of age, pregnant women and articles in languages other than English and Polish. Long-lasting GBS complications included pain, fatigue and persistent neurological deficits, affecting patients for years after recovery. Identifying the appropriate therapeutic methods, risk factors and prognoses of GBS at an early stage is crucial. Various risk factors for death and poor functional outcomes were found, regarding patient characteristics, the clinical course of GBS, laboratory and neurographic results, as well as treatment methods.
吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）是一种自身免疫性多发性神经根神经病，具有多种临床亚型，其特征为运动无力迅速进展、感觉障碍和腱反射消失。GBS的全球患病率一直在稳步上升，存在地区差异。死亡率各不相同，但需要机械通气的患者死亡率仍然较高。本系统评价旨在评估GBS疾病严重程度及短期和长期不良预后的预测风险因素。由2名独立工作的研究人员使用PubMed数据库进行文献检索。在对2023年11月之前发表的研究进行筛选后，共选择了109篇文章。根据其临床相关性选择原创文章、系统评价和叙述性综述、荟萃分析及社论。排除标准包括18岁以下患者、孕妇以及非英语和波兰语的文章。GBS的长期并发症包括疼痛、疲劳和持续性神经功能缺损，在恢复后数年仍会影响患者。早期识别GBS的合适治疗方法、风险因素和预后至关重要。在患者特征、GBS的临床病程、实验室和神经电生理结果以及治疗方法方面，发现了各种导致死亡和功能结局不良的风险因素。
