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异体基因修饰的 CAR-T 细胞疗法在癌症免疫治疗中的应用。

Allogeneic CAR-T cells for cancer immunotherapy.

机构信息

Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.

Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.

出版信息

Immunotherapy. 2024;16(16-17):1079-1090. doi: 10.1080/1750743X.2024.2408048. Epub 2024 Oct 8.

DOI:10.1080/1750743X.2024.2408048
PMID:39378059
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11492692/
Abstract

Autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy has displayed high efficacy in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Up to now, 11 autologous CAR-T cell products have been approved for the management of malignancies globally. However, the application of autologous CAR-T cell therapy has many individual limitations, long time-consuming, highly cost, and the risk of manufacturing failure. Indeed, some patients would not benefit from autologous CAR-T cell products because of rapid disease progression. Allogeneic CAR-T cells especially universal CAR-T (U-CAR-T) cell therapy are superior to these challenges of autologous CAR-T cells. In this review, we describe basic study and clinical trials of U-CAR-T cell therapeutic methods for malignancies. In addition, we summarize the problems encountered and potential solutions.

摘要

自体嵌合抗原受体 (CAR)-修饰 T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤方面显示出了很高的疗效。到目前为止，全球已有 11 种自体 CAR-T 细胞产品被批准用于恶性肿瘤的治疗。然而，自体 CAR-T 细胞疗法的应用存在许多个体局限性，耗时较长，成本高，且存在制造失败的风险。事实上，由于疾病快速进展，一些患者不会从自体 CAR-T 细胞产品中获益。同种异体 CAR-T 细胞，特别是通用 CAR-T（U-CAR-T）细胞疗法，优于这些自体 CAR-T 细胞的挑战。在这篇综述中，我们描述了同种异体 CAR-T 细胞治疗恶性肿瘤的基础研究和临床试验。此外，我们总结了所遇到的问题和潜在的解决方案。

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Knowledge-map and bibliometric analysis of scientific research on FDA-approved Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell products (2015-2024).

Discov Oncol. 2025-8-3

[2]
Nanomaterials Mediated Enhancement of CAR-T for HCC: Revolutionizing Immunotherapy Strategies.

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本文引用的文献

[1]
"Off-The-Shelf" allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell malignancies: current clinical evidence and challenges.

Front Oncol. 2024-7-9

[2]
CD19-CAR-DNT cells (RJMty19) in patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma: a phase 1, first-in-human study.

EClinicalMedicine. 2024-2-29

[3]
Allogeneic CAR-T cells with of HLA-A/B and TRAC disruption exhibit promising antitumor capacity against B cell malignancies.

Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2024-1-17

[4]
Donor-derived Anti-CD19 CAR T cells GC007g for relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic HSCT: a phase 1 trial.

EClinicalMedicine. 2023-12-21

[5]
Cyclosporine A-resistant CAR-T cells mediate antitumour immunity in the presence of allogeneic cells.

Nat Commun. 2023-12-20

[6]
CAR and CAR T cells share a differentiation trajectory into an NK-like subset after CD19 CAR T cell infusion in patients with B cell malignancies.

Nat Commun. 2023-11-27

[7]
CD7 targeted "off-the-shelf" CAR-T demonstrates robust in vivo expansion and high efficacy in the treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory T cell malignancies.

Leukemia. 2023-11

[8]
Combining BCMA-targeting CAR T cells with TCR-engineered T-cell therapy to prevent immune escape of multiple myeloma.

Blood Adv. 2023-10-24

[9]
Base-Edited CAR7 T Cells for Relapsed T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

N Engl J Med. 2023-9-7

[10]
Stromal depletion by TALEN-edited universal hypoimmunogenic FAP-CAR T cells enables infiltration and anti-tumor cytotoxicity of tumor antigen-targeted CAR-T immunotherapy.

Front Immunol. 2023

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