Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:136042. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136042. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
Biological nests made of Modified Basalt Fiber (MBF bio-nests) serve as effective carriers for enhancing wastewater treatment. However, little is known about their performance when exposed to nano-plastics. This study investigates the decontamination efficiency and microbial functionality of four types of MBF and traditional Basalt Fibers (BF) as carriers in contact oxidation reactors. Compared to BF, MBF demonstrated superior growth effects and biocompatibility within the bio-nest. Ca-MBF and Mn-MBF bio-nests exhibited the highest and most uniform absorption capacities, respectively, alongside increased secretion of total Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) and higher Protein to Sugar (PN/PS) ratios. In sewage environments, all MBF groups displayed stable performance in removing NH-N and COD. Significant removal of TN and TP was notably observed in Mn-MBF treatments. Mn and Ca treatments predominantly influenced the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla, crucial for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Following exposure to nano-plastics, Mn-MBF and Ca-MBF treatments maintained high decontamination efficiency, particularly for TP and COD (48.64 % to 57.78 % and 90.91 % to 92.89 %, respectively). The significant removal of NH-N and TP only occurred in Mn-MBF and Ca-MBF treatments, which stimulated the growth of bacteria resistant to nano-plastics. Key genera such as Zoogloea and Meganema were identified as dominant, contributing to organic matter decomposition, EPS secretion, biofilm condensation, and enhanced microbial attachment. The findings underscore the structural stability enhancement of Mn-MBF and Ca-MBF bio-nests in contact oxidation reactors, demonstrating their resilience against nano-plastic pollution.
生物巢由改性玄武岩纤维（MBF 生物巢）制成，可用作增强废水处理的有效载体。然而，对于它们在暴露于纳米塑料时的性能，目前知之甚少。本研究调查了四种 MBF 和传统玄武岩纤维（BF）作为载体在接触氧化反应器中的去污效率和微生物功能。与 BF 相比，MBF 在生物巢内表现出更好的生长效果和生物相容性。Ca-MBF 和 Mn-MBF 生物巢分别表现出最高和最均匀的吸收能力，同时总胞外聚合物物质（EPS）的分泌增加，蛋白与糖（PN/PS）的比值更高。在污水环境中，所有 MBF 组在去除 NH-N 和 COD 方面均表现出稳定的性能。Mn-MBF 处理中观察到 TN 和 TP 的显著去除。Mn 和 Ca 处理主要影响氮和磷去除的重要的变形菌门和拟杆菌门。暴露于纳米塑料后，Mn-MBF 和 Ca-MBF 处理保持了高的去污效率，特别是对于 TP 和 COD（分别为 48.64%至 57.78%和 90.91%至 92.89%）。仅在 Mn-MBF 和 Ca-MBF 处理中观察到 NH-N 和 TP 的显著去除，这刺激了对纳米塑料具有抗性的细菌的生长。鉴定出 Zoogloea 和 Meganema 等关键属为优势属，有助于有机物分解、EPS 分泌、生物膜凝结和增强微生物附着。这些发现强调了 Mn-MBF 和 Ca-MBF 生物巢在接触氧化反应器中结构稳定性的增强，表明它们对纳米塑料污染具有抵抗力。
