Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off-Raiwand Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Oct 8;24(1):1195. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04978-0.
Craniofacial bone regeneration represents a dynamic area within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Central to this field, is the continual exploration of new methodologies for template fabrication, leveraging established bio ceramic materials, with the objective of restoring bone integrity and facilitating successful implant placements.
Photopolymerized templates were prepared using three distinct bio ceramic materials, specifically a wet chemically synthesized bioactive glass and two commercially sourced hydroxyapatite variants. These templates underwent comprehensive characterization to assess their physicochemical and mechanical attributes, employing techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nano-computed tomography. Evaluation of their biocompatibility was conducted through interaction with primary human osteoblasts (hOB) and subsequent examination using scanning electron microscopy.
The results demonstrated that composite showed intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions with the photopolymer, while computerized tomography unveiled the porous morphology and distribution within the templates. A relatively higher porosity percentage (31.55 ± 8.70%) and compressive strength (1.53 ± 0.11 MPa) was noted for bioactive glass templates. Human osteoblast cultured on bioactive glass showed higher viability compared to other specimens. Scanning micrographs of human osteoblast on templated showed cellular adhesion and the presence of filopodia and lamellipodia.
In summary these templates have the potential to be used for alveolar bone regeneration in critical size defect. Photopolymerization of bioceramics may be an interesting technique for scaffolds fabrication for bone tissue engineering application but needs more optimization to overcome existing issues like the ideal ratio of the photopolymer to bioceramics.
颅面骨再生是组织工程和再生医学领域中的一个活跃分支。该领域的核心是不断探索新的模板制造方法，利用现有的生物陶瓷材料，以恢复骨完整性和促进成功植入物放置为目标。
使用三种不同的生物陶瓷材料（一种湿化学合成的生物活性玻璃和两种市售的羟基磷灰石变体）制备光聚合模板。这些模板经过全面的特性评估，包括傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和纳米计算机断层扫描，以评估其物理化学和机械特性。通过与原代人成骨细胞（hOB）相互作用并随后使用扫描电子显微镜进行检查，评估其生物相容性。
结果表明，复合模板与光聚合剂之间存在分子内氢键相互作用，而计算机断层扫描揭示了模板内的多孔形态和分布。生物活性玻璃模板具有相对较高的孔隙率百分比（31.55±8.70%）和压缩强度（1.53±0.11 MPa）。在生物活性玻璃上培养的人成骨细胞比其他标本具有更高的活力。在模板上培养的人成骨细胞的扫描显微照片显示出细胞黏附以及丝状伪足和片状伪足的存在。
总之，这些模板有可能用于临界尺寸缺陷的牙槽骨再生。生物陶瓷的光聚合可能是骨组织工程应用支架制造的一种有趣技术，但需要进一步优化以克服现有问题，例如光聚合物与生物陶瓷的理想比例。
