Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2024 Oct 8;70(9):31-36. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.9.4.
Bitis arietans (Puff adder) is a poisonous snake and its bite causes pain, edema, blistering, tissue damage and neutrophilia. There are limited studies on inflammatory process involved in Bitis arietans envenomation. We therefore investigated the role of proinflammatory cytokines in Bitis arietans venom (BAV)-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rats. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with BAV (0.5 mg/kg) and were sacrificed after specific time intervals (2 h, 24 h, 1 week). Blood samples were collected for liver and renal function tests and tissues were collected for histopathology and gene expression analysis of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in liver and kidneys. There was no significant difference in serum ALT activities among different treatment groups. Serum AST was significantly increased at 24 h following BAV injection. In both organs, injection of BAV resulted in mild inflammatory cell infiltration at 2 h post-dosing which normalized after 1 week. In liver, there was a significant increase in IL-1β expression in BAV-treated rats at 2 and 24 h post-dosing that reduced after one week. Significant increases in IL-6 and TNF-α were observed at 24 h and 1 week after BAV exposure. In kidneys, there were significant increases in IL-1β and TNF-α expression at 24 h that subsided after 1 week. In conclusion, a single sub-lethal dose of BAV caused an acute phase inflammation in liver and kidneys. It is most probable that a higher dose of BAV may result in greater and irreversible damage to these organs.
矛头蝮（加蓬咝蝰）是一种毒蛇，其咬伤会导致疼痛、肿胀、水疱、组织损伤和嗜中性粒细胞增多。关于矛头蝮蛇毒引起的炎症过程的研究有限。因此，我们研究了促炎细胞因子在矛头蝮蛇毒（BAV）诱导的大鼠肝、肾毒性中的作用。成年雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠用 BAV（0.5mg/kg）处理，并在特定时间间隔（2h、24h、1 周）后处死。采集血液样本进行肝功能和肾功能检查，并采集组织进行肝、肾中 IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 的基因表达分析。不同处理组之间血清 ALT 活性无显著差异。注射 BAV 后 24h 血清 AST 显著升高。在两种器官中，注射 BAV 后 2h 会导致轻度炎症细胞浸润，1 周后恢复正常。在肝脏中，BAV 处理的大鼠在给药后 2h 和 24h 时 IL-1β表达显著增加，1 周后减少。在给药后 24h 和 1 周时观察到 IL-6 和 TNF-α显著增加。在肾脏中，IL-1β和 TNF-α的表达在 24h 时显著增加，1 周后缓解。总之，单次亚致死剂量的 BAV 会导致肝、肾的急性炎症。很可能更高剂量的 BAV 可能会对这些器官造成更大和不可逆转的损害。
