Hassan Ahmad Hammad, Gharooni Aref-Ali, Mee Harry, Geffner James, Anwar Fahim
Department of Acute Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
J Trauma Inj. 2023 Mar;36(1):39-48. doi: 10.20408/jti.2021.0084. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
Sports offer several health benefits but are not free of injury risk. Activity dynamics vary across sports, impacting the injury profile and thereby influencing healthcare resource utilization and health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate sports-related major trauma cases and compare differences across sports and activity groups.
A retrospective case notes review of sports-related major traumas over a 5-year period was conducted. Demographic, hospital episode-related, and health outcome-related data were analyzed, and differences were compared across sports and activity groups. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge was used as the primary outcome measure and the length of hospital stay as the secondary outcome measure.
In total, 76% of cases had good recovery at discharge (GOS, 5), 19% had moderate disability (GOS, 4), and 5% had severe disability (GOS, 3). The mean length of hospital stay was 11.2 days (range, 1-121 days). The most severely injured body region was the limbs (29.1%) and vertebral/spinal injuries were most common (33%) in terms of location. A significant difference (P<0.05) existed in GOS across sports groups, with motor sports having the lowest GOS. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were found in other health-outcome variables or injury patterns across sports or activity groups, although more competitive sports cases (67%) required admission than recreational sports cases (33%).
Spinal injuries are the most frequent sports injuries, bear the worst health outcomes, and warrant better preventive measures. Head injuries previously dominated the worst outcomes; this change is likely due to better preventive and management modalities. Competitive sports had a higher injury frequency than recreational sports, but no difference in health outcomes or injury patterns.
运动对健康有益，但并非没有受伤风险。不同运动的活动动态各不相同，影响损伤情况，进而影响医疗资源利用和健康结果。本研究的目的是调查与运动相关的重大创伤病例，并比较不同运动和活动组之间的差异。
对5年期间与运动相关的重大创伤进行回顾性病例记录审查。分析了人口统计学、与住院期间相关以及与健康结果相关的数据，并比较了不同运动和活动组之间的差异。出院时的格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）用作主要结局指标，住院时间用作次要结局指标。
总体而言，76%的病例出院时恢复良好（GOS，5），19%有中度残疾（GOS，4），5%有重度残疾（GOS，3）。平均住院时间为11.2天（范围1 - 121天）。就受伤部位而言，受伤最严重的身体部位是四肢（29.1%），脊柱/脊髓损伤最为常见（33%）。不同运动组的GOS存在显著差异（P<0.05），其中赛车运动的GOS最低。然而，在其他健康结局变量或不同运动或活动组的损伤模式方面未发现显著差异（P>0.05），尽管竞技运动病例（67%）比休闲运动病例（33%）需要住院治疗的比例更高。
脊柱损伤是最常见的运动损伤，健康结局最差，需要更好的预防措施。以前头部损伤的结局最糟糕；这种变化可能是由于更好的预防和管理方式。竞技运动的受伤频率高于休闲运动，但在健康结局或损伤模式方面没有差异。
