Tavares Nuno, Vilas-Boas João Paulo, Castro Maria António
Faculty of Sports, University of Porto and CIAFEL, Porto, Portugal.
RoboCorp, I2A, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Sports Biomech. 2024 Oct 9:1-13. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2410891.
Strength programmes have shown good results in preventing swimmer's shoulder. However, there aren't studies based on electromyographic (EMG) analysis in these programmes. This study aims to compare an EMG activity of the middle trapezius (MT), lower trapezius (LT), infraspinatus (IS), serratus anterior (SA), and pectoralis major (PM) in two swimmer's shoulder preventive programmes - one performed with elastic band and the other with weights. Twenty competitive swimmers performed two strength programmes consisting of five exercises each, while the analysis of EMG activity in MT, LT, IS, SA, and PM for each exercise was recorded. The superficial EMG was used to collect data at a sampling frequency of 1000 hz. The Paired Sample T-test or the Wilcoxon test was applied to compare EMG activity between programmes. The internal rotation at 90º ( < 0.001) and external rotation at 90º ( ≤ 0.01) exercises produced high myoelectric shoulder muscle activity with an elastic band. Conversely, scapular punches ( < 0.001) exercise has high shoulder EMG activity when performed with weights. Performing the same preventive exercise programme with two different instruments produces great variability in the myoelectric activity of the shoulder muscles.
力量训练计划在预防游泳者肩部损伤方面已显示出良好效果。然而，这些计划中尚未有基于肌电图（EMG）分析的研究。本研究旨在比较两种游泳者肩部预防计划中斜方肌中部（MT）、斜方肌下部（LT）、冈下肌（IS）、前锯肌（SA）和胸大肌（PM）的肌电图活动，一种计划使用弹力带进行，另一种使用哑铃。二十名竞技游泳运动员进行了两个力量训练计划，每个计划包括五项练习，同时记录每项练习中MT、LT、IS、SA和PM的肌电图活动分析。使用表面肌电图以1000赫兹的采样频率收集数据。应用配对样本t检验或威尔科克森检验来比较各计划之间的肌电图活动。90°内旋（<0.001）和90°外旋（≤0.01）练习使用弹力带时产生较高的肩部肌肉肌电活动。相反，使用哑铃进行肩胛冲拳练习（<0.001）时肩部肌电图活动较高。使用两种不同器械进行相同的预防练习计划会使肩部肌肉的肌电活动产生很大差异。
