Fundação Nacional de Saúde-Funasa, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil.
University of Illinois, Champaign, USA.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2024 Oct 7;119:e240116. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760240116. eCollection 2024.
Anopheles darlingi is the most efficient vector of malaria parasites in the Neotropics. Nevertheless, the specificities of its larval habitats are still poorly known.
Characterize permanent larval habitats, and population dynamics of An. darlingi and other potential vectors in relation to climate, physicochemical variables, insect fauna and malaria cases.
A 14-month longitudinal study was conducted in Porto Velho, Rondônia, western Brazilian Amazon. Monthly, 21 permanent water bodies were sampled. Immature anophelines and associated fauna were collected, physicochemical characteristics, and climate variables were recorded and analyzed.
Five types of habitats were identified: lagoon, stream, stream combined with lagoon, stream combined with dam, and fishpond. A total of 60,927 anophelines were collected. The most abundant species in all habitats were Anopheles braziliensis and An. darlingi. The highest density was found in the lagoon, while streams had the highest species richness. Abundance was higher during the transition period wet-dry season. There was a lag of respectively four and five months between the peak of rainfall and the Madeira River level and the highest abundance of An. darlingi larvae, which were positively correlated with habitats partially shaded, pH close to neutrality, increase dissolved oxygen and sulphates.
The present study provides data on key factors defining permanent larval habitats for the surveillance of An. darlingi and other potential vectors as well as a log-linear Negative Binomial model based on immature mosquito abundance and climate variables to predict the increase in the number of malaria cases.
致倦库蚊是新热带地区传播疟原虫的最有效媒介。然而，其幼虫栖息地的特异性仍知之甚少。
描述致倦库蚊及其它潜在媒介的永久性幼虫栖息地，并结合气候、理化变量、昆虫区系和疟疾病例描述其种群动态。
在巴西亚马逊西部朗多尼亚州的波多韦柳进行了一项为期 14 个月的纵向研究。每月对 21 个永久性水体进行采样。收集了未成熟的按蚊及其相关动物群，记录并分析了理化特性和气候变量。
确定了五种栖息地类型：泻湖、溪流、溪流与泻湖混合、溪流与水坝混合以及鱼塘。共收集到 60927 只按蚊。所有栖息地中最丰富的物种是巴西按蚊和致倦库蚊。密度最高的是泻湖，而溪流的物种丰富度最高。丰度在干湿季过渡期较高。降雨量和马德拉河水位的峰值与致倦库蚊幼虫数量的峰值之间存在四个月和五个月的滞后，与部分遮荫、接近中性的 pH 值、溶解氧和硫酸盐增加的栖息地呈正相关。
本研究提供了关于致倦库蚊及其它潜在媒介的永久性幼虫栖息地的关键因素的数据，以及基于未成熟蚊虫丰度和气候变量的对数线性负二项模型，用于预测疟疾病例数量的增加。
