Lane Hsien-Yuan, Wang Shi-Heng, Lin Chieh-Hsin
Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Yunlin, Taiwan.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2024 Dec;245:173885. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173885. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are gaining increasing attention. Previously research has shown that sodium benzoate treatment can improve cognitive function in AD patients, particularly in the female patients; and 1000 mg/day of benzoate appears more efficacious than lower doses. Catalase is a crucial endogenous antioxidant; and deficiency of catalase is regarded to be related to the pathogenesis of AD. The current study aimed to explore the role of sex and benzoate dose in the change of catalase activity among benzoate-treated AD patients.
This secondary analysis used data from a double-blind trial, in which 149 CE patients were randomized to receive placebo or one of three benzoate doses (500, 750, or 1000 mg/day) and measured with Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale. Plasma catalase was assayed before and after treatment.
Benzoate treatment, particularly at 1000 mg/day, increased catalase among female patients, but not among male. The increases in the catalase activity among the benzoate-treated women were correlated with their cognitive improvements. In addition, higher baseline catalase activity was associated with more cognitive improvement after benzoate treatment among both female and male patients.
Supporting the oxidative stress theory and sex difference in AD, the finding suggest that sex (female) and benzoate dose co-determine catalase increase in benzoate-treated AD patients and the catalase increment contributes to cognitive improvement of benzoate-treated women.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03752463.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）中的性别差异日益受到关注。此前的研究表明，苯甲酸钠治疗可改善AD患者的认知功能，尤其是女性患者；且每天1000毫克的苯甲酸盐似乎比低剂量更有效。过氧化氢酶是一种关键的内源性抗氧化剂；过氧化氢酶缺乏被认为与AD的发病机制有关。本研究旨在探讨性别和苯甲酸盐剂量在接受苯甲酸盐治疗的AD患者中过氧化氢酶活性变化中的作用。
本二次分析使用了一项双盲试验的数据，其中149例AD患者被随机分配接受安慰剂或三种苯甲酸盐剂量（500、750或1000毫克/天）之一，并采用阿尔茨海默病评估量表认知子量表进行测量。在治疗前后检测血浆过氧化氢酶。
苯甲酸盐治疗，尤其是每天1000毫克的剂量，可提高女性患者的过氧化氢酶水平，但对男性患者无效。接受苯甲酸盐治疗的女性中过氧化氢酶活性的增加与她们的认知改善相关。此外，在女性和男性患者中，较高的基线过氧化氢酶活性与苯甲酸盐治疗后的更多认知改善相关。
该研究结果支持AD中的氧化应激理论和性别差异，表明性别（女性）和苯甲酸盐剂量共同决定了接受苯甲酸盐治疗的AD患者中过氧化氢酶的增加，而过氧化氢酶的增加有助于接受苯甲酸盐治疗的女性的认知改善。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT03752463。
