Merrill Ray M, Ashton-Hwang Kendyll, Gallegos Liliana
Department of Public Health, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, 2063 Life Science Building, Provo, UT, 84604, USA.
J Cannabis Res. 2024 Oct 9;6(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s42238-024-00248-6.
Studies investigating the association between cannabis use and physical activity have had mixed results. This study provided a population-based assessment while determining how the relationship is affected by variables such as cannabis legalization status and chronic medical conditions.
Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were used to evaluate the association between cannabis use and physical activity among adults ages 18 years and older in several states and territories of the U.S. during 2016-2022. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) measuring the relationship between physical activity in the past 30 days (yes vs. no) and cannabis use in the past 30 days (yes vs. no) based on legalization and health status were estimated using logistic regression.
Physical activity increased from 73.16% in 2016 to 75.72% in 2022 (3.5% increase) and current cannabis use increased from 7.48% in 2016 to 14.71% in 2022 (96.7% increase). Current cannabis use was 6.5% higher in areas of legalized recreational cannabis (vs. not legal) and 0.7% higher in areas of legalized medical cannabis (vs. not legal). For the combined years, the OR measuring the association between cannabis use and physical activity was 1.24 (95% CI 1.10-1.41), after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, employment status, education, smoking status, weight classification, legal status, and chronic medical condition. The adjusted OR was 1.47 (95% CI 1.34-1.62) in areas with legalized recreational and medical cannabis (vs. illegal) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.12) in areas with legalized medical cannabis only (vs. illegal). Having a medical condition was significantly associated with lower prevalence of physical activity in the adjusted models (overall adjusted OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.85). However, this significantly lower odds ratio was insignificant for current cannabis users.
Public policy and personal health behaviors may improve with the findings that legal medical cannabis promotes greater physical activity in those experiencing chronic medical conditions and legal recreational cannabis promotes (even more so) greater physical activity in those not experiencing chronic medical conditions.
关于大麻使用与身体活动之间关联的研究结果不一。本研究提供了一项基于人群的评估，同时确定这种关系如何受到大麻合法化状况和慢性疾病等变量的影响。
行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）数据用于评估2016 - 2022年期间美国几个州和地区18岁及以上成年人中，大麻使用与身体活动之间的关联。基于合法化和健康状况，使用逻辑回归估计过去30天身体活动（是与否）与过去30天大麻使用（是与否）之间关系的调整比值比（OR）。
身体活动从2016年的73.16%增加到2022年的75.72%（增加3.5%），当前大麻使用率从2016年的7.48%增加到2022年的14.71%（增加96.7%）。在休闲大麻合法化地区，当前大麻使用率比未合法化地区高6.5%；在医用大麻合法化地区，比未合法化地区高0.7%。综合各年份来看，在调整了年龄、性别、种族/民族、婚姻状况、就业状况、教育程度、吸烟状况、体重分类、法律地位和慢性疾病后，衡量大麻使用与身体活动之间关联的OR为1.24（95%置信区间1.10 - 1.41）。在休闲和医用大麻均合法化地区（与非法地区相比），调整后的OR为1.47（95%置信区间1.34 - 1.62）；仅医用大麻合法化地区（与非法地区相比），调整后的OR为1.05（95%置信区间0.98 - 1.12）。在调整后的模型中，患有疾病与身体活动患病率较低显著相关（总体调整后OR = 0.79，95%置信区间0.73 - 0.85）。然而，对于当前大麻使用者而言，这种显著较低的比值比并不显著。
合法的医用大麻能促进患有慢性疾病者的身体活动，合法的休闲大麻对未患慢性疾病者的身体活动促进作用更大（甚至更明显），这些研究结果可能有助于改善公共政策和个人健康行为。
