Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Sep 25;14:1402932. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1402932. eCollection 2024.
Infectious diseases represent a significant global health challenge, with bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasitic protozoa being significant causative agents. The shared symptoms among diseases and the emergence of new pathogen variations make diagnosis and treatment complex. Conventional diagnostic methods are laborious and intricate, underscoring the need for rapid, accurate techniques. Aptamer-based technologies offer a promising solution, as they are cost-effective, sensitive, specific, and convenient for molecular disease diagnosis. Aptamers, which are single-stranded RNA or DNA sequences, serve as nucleotide equivalents of monoclonal antibodies, displaying high specificity and affinity for target molecules. They are structurally robust, allowing for long-term storage without substantial activity loss. Aptamers find applications in diverse fields such as drug screening, material science, and environmental monitoring. In biomedicine, they are extensively studied for biomarker detection, diagnostics, imaging, and targeted therapy. This comprehensive review focuses on the utility of aptamers in managing infectious diseases, particularly in the realms of diagnostics and therapeutics.
传染病是全球性的重大健康挑战，细菌、真菌、病毒和寄生原生动物是主要的致病因子。疾病的共同症状和新病原体变异的出现使得诊断和治疗变得复杂。传统的诊断方法繁琐复杂，这凸显了对快速、准确技术的需求。基于适配体的技术提供了一个有前途的解决方案，因为它们具有成本效益、敏感性、特异性和便于分子疾病诊断等优点。适配体是单链 RNA 或 DNA 序列，作为单克隆抗体的核苷酸等效物，对靶分子表现出高特异性和亲和力。它们结构坚固，允许长期储存而不会显著降低活性。适配体在药物筛选、材料科学和环境监测等多个领域得到了应用。在生物医学领域，它们被广泛研究用于生物标志物检测、诊断、成像和靶向治疗。本综述全面介绍了适配体在传染病管理中的应用，特别是在诊断和治疗领域。
