Wang Yi-Rong, Yang Liu, Wang Deng-Tuo, Li An-Ping, Zhang Shao-Yong, Qin Lu-Lu, Bian Qiang, Zhang Zhi-Jun, Ding Yan-Yan, Zhou Han, Peng Deng, Wang Guang-Han, Liu Ying-Qian
School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
School of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Jan;81(1):170-184. doi: 10.1002/ps.8417. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Fungal diseases present a significant threat to global agriculture, necessitating the development of new, safe, and effective fungicides. Existing fungicides face resistance and health risks, prompting the synthesis of novel compounds. Researchers have synthesized aldehyde-based thiourea and thiazolyl hydrazine derivatives, evaluating their antifungal activities to identify impactful pesticide molecules.
The results showed that most of the compounds had broad-spectrum antifungal activity against six plant pathogenic fungi and four post-harvest fungi. Notably, compound LN18 showed the best antifungal activity against Monilinia fructicola with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC) of 0.17 μg mL, which was better than the commercial fungicide natamycin. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study showed that the presence of unsaturated double bonds in the structure and the length of the carbon chain were the main factors affecting antifungal activity. The presence of unsaturated double bonds and an increase in the length of the carbon chain greatly improved inhibitory activity against the tested pathogens. The preliminary mechanism study showed that LN18 could damage the integrity of the mycelial plasma membrane, leading to leakage of intracellular nucleic acid and protein. LN18 also induced an increase in the intracellular reactive oxygen species level to exert its antifungal effects. In addition, compound LN18 had a stronger antifungal effect in vivo, and better phytotoxicity than natamycin, indicating broad application prospects in agriculture.
Aldehydes-thiourea and thiazolyl hydrazine derivatives demonstrate remarkable antifungal efficacy against plant pathogenic and post-harvest fungi, offering a promising avenue for commercialization as highly efficacious, cost-effective and safe antifungal agents. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
真菌病害对全球农业构成重大威胁，因此需要开发新型、安全且有效的杀菌剂。现有杀菌剂面临抗性和健康风险，促使人们合成新型化合物。研究人员合成了醛基硫脲和噻唑基肼衍生物，并评估了它们的抗真菌活性，以确定有影响力的农药分子。
结果表明，大多数化合物对六种植物病原真菌和四种采后真菌具有广谱抗真菌活性。值得注意的是，化合物LN18对桃褐腐病菌表现出最佳的抗真菌活性，其半数有效浓度（EC）为0.17μg/mL，优于市售杀菌剂纳他霉素。构效关系（SAR）研究表明，结构中不饱和双键的存在和碳链长度是影响抗真菌活性的主要因素。不饱和双键的存在和碳链长度的增加极大地提高了对受试病原体的抑制活性。初步机制研究表明，LN18可破坏菌丝体细胞膜的完整性，导致细胞内核酸和蛋白质泄漏。LN18还诱导细胞内活性氧水平升高以发挥其抗真菌作用。此外，化合物LN18在体内具有更强的抗真菌作用，且比纳他霉素具有更好的植物毒性，表明其在农业上具有广阔的应用前景。
醛基硫脲和噻唑基肼衍生物对植物病原真菌和采后真菌具有显著的抗真菌效果，为作为高效、经济且安全的抗真菌剂商业化提供了一条有前景的途径。©2024化学工业协会。
