The Lurie Institute for Disability Policy, The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
Institute on Development and Disability, Oregon Health & Science University; and OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2024 Oct;33(10):1334-1343. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0494. Epub 2024 Jun 19.
A limited number of studies have examined the prevalence of unintended pregnancy among disabled women. However, no studies to date have examined the association between pregnancy intention and disability, in combination with race and ethnicity. We analyzed data from the National Survey of Family Growth from the period 2011-2019 to estimate the prevalence of pregnancy intendedness among women with disabilities 15-45 years of age. We compared pregnancy intendedness among respondents with and without disabilities. Modified Poisson regressions were conducted to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of unintended pregnancy across disability type and by race and ethnicity category. Non-Hispanic White women without disabilities served as the referent group. Unadjusted results found that women with disabilities in all racial or ethnic groups were significantly more likely to report unintended pregnancies compared with non-Hispanic White women with no disabilities. Non-Hispanic Black women were more than three and a half times (PR = 3.72, 95% CI: 2.91-4.75) more likely than their non-Hispanic White counterparts to report an unintended pregnancy. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, results were slightly attenuated in all categories, with the exception of nondisabled Hispanic women, indicating high prevalence of unintended pregnancies. Racial and ethnic minority women with disabilities may experience heightened risk for unintended pregnancy. Targeted efforts are needed to address barriers to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health care and improve reproductive health outcomes among women who experience multiple forms of marginalization.
少数研究调查了残疾女性意外怀孕的流行率。然而，迄今为止，没有研究调查怀孕意图与残疾、种族和民族之间的关系。我们分析了 2011-2019 年国家家庭增长调查的数据，以估计 15-45 岁残疾女性怀孕意图的流行率。我们比较了有和没有残疾的受访者的怀孕意图。采用修正泊松回归估计了不同残疾类型以及不同种族和族裔类别的意外怀孕的未调整和调整后流行率比（95%置信区间）。非西班牙裔白人无残疾女性作为参照组。未经调整的结果发现，所有种族或族裔群体的残疾女性报告意外怀孕的可能性明显高于非西班牙裔白人无残疾女性。非西班牙裔黑人女性报告意外怀孕的可能性是非西班牙裔白人女性的三倍半以上（PR=3.72，95%CI：2.91-4.75）。在调整了人口特征后，除了无残疾的西班牙裔女性外，所有类别中的结果都略有减弱，表明意外怀孕的高流行率。残疾的少数族裔女性可能面临意外怀孕的风险增加。需要有针对性的努力来解决全面的性健康和生殖健康护理障碍，并改善经历多种边缘化的女性的生殖健康结果。
